Opuntia basilaris |
Opuntia ×columbiana |
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beavertail, beavertail cactus, beavertail pricklypear |
Columbia prickly-pear, grizzleybear pricklypear, grizzlybear prickly pear |
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Habit | Shrubs, forming clumps, 1–2(–3) segments tall, to 7–40 cm. | Shrubs, low, forming mats, 10–30 cm. | ||||||||||||
Stem | segments not disarticulating, blue- to yellow-green, sometimes tinged maroon-purple, flattened, spatulate to broadly obovate or subcircular, thick, 5–22(–35) × 2–13.5(–16) cm, nearly smooth, papillose to puberulent (rarely glabrous); areoles 4–16(–19) per diagonal row across midstem segment, circular to elliptic, 3–5 × 3 mm; wool white to tan, aging gray. |
segments easily detached to firmly attached, green, flattened, narrowly to broadly obovate, 3.5–9 × 2.5–5 cm, low tuberculate, glabrous; areoles 4–6(–7) per diagonal row across midstem segment, oval, 3.5 × 2.5 mm; wool white. |
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Spines | 0(–8) per areole, when present, usually in distal areoles, spreading, yellow, straight, acicular, 5–25 mm. |
in most areoles, straight, acicular, terete; major spines 0–1 per areole, reflexed to porrect (rarely ascending), gray-white to brown, (15–)25–40(–60) mm; intermediate spines 0–3, reflexed, 12–20 mm; minor spines 2–4, reflexed, yellow-gray, 3–6 mm. |
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Glochids | numerous, nearly filling areoles, yellow to red-brown or dark brown, to 3 mm. |
loosely packed, in small tuft or crescent at adaxial margin of areole, yellowish, inconspicuous, to 4 mm. |
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Flowers | inner tepals pink to magenta throughout (rarely white), 25–40 mm; filaments red-magenta (rarely pale); anthers yellowish; style white to pink; stigma lobes white to cream. |
inner tepals yellow throughout, 30–45 mm; filaments white to red; anthers yellow; style white; stigma lobes green. |
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Fruits | maturing tan, 20–40 × 15–23 mm, dry at maturity, puberulent, spineless (except in var. treleasei); umbilicus 5–12 mm deep; areoles 24–76. |
rarely set, top-shaped to barrel-shaped, 15–20 × 15 mm, glabrous; areoles 10–15, most bearing 3–12 spines or distal spines bearing 1–3 spines. |
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Seeds | yellowish to tan, ± subspheric but angular, thick, 6.5–9 × 6.5–7 mm, sides smooth or bearing 1–3 depressions; girdle protruding to 1 mm. |
tan, large, 5–7 mm; girdle protruding 1–1.5 mm. |
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2n | = 66. |
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Opuntia basilaris |
Opuntia ×columbiana |
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Phenology | Flowering summer (late Jun-early Jul). | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Dark basaltic cliffs and derived sands | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 100-800 m (300-2600 ft) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; UT; n Mexico
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ID; OR; WA; BC
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Discussion | Varieties 4 (4 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 144. | FNA vol. 4, p. 146. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | ||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | O. erinacea var. columbiana | |||||||||||||
Name authority | Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 298. (1856) | Griffiths: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 43: 523. (1916) | ||||||||||||
Web links |