Opuntia basilaris |
Opuntia rufida |
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beavertail, beavertail cactus, beavertail pricklypear |
blind prickly pear, nopal rojizo |
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Habit | Shrubs, forming clumps, 1–2(–3) segments tall, to 7–40 cm. | Shrubs or trees, with short trunk, many branched, 0.5–1.5 m. Stem segments not disarticulating, grayish green, flattened, reniform, circular, elliptic, or obovate, (7.5–)10–18(–25) × 5–25 cm, low tuberculate, pubescent; areoles 8–13 per diagonal row across midstem segment, circular, 3–3.2 mm diam.; wool white to tan, aging gray. | ||||||||||||
Stem | segments not disarticulating, blue- to yellow-green, sometimes tinged maroon-purple, flattened, spatulate to broadly obovate or subcircular, thick, 5–22(–35) × 2–13.5(–16) cm, nearly smooth, papillose to puberulent (rarely glabrous); areoles 4–16(–19) per diagonal row across midstem segment, circular to elliptic, 3–5 × 3 mm; wool white to tan, aging gray. |
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Spines | 0(–8) per areole, when present, usually in distal areoles, spreading, yellow, straight, acicular, 5–25 mm. |
absent. |
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Glochids | numerous, nearly filling areoles, yellow to red-brown or dark brown, to 3 mm. |
numerous, nearly filling areole, red-brown to white, 1–2.5 mm. |
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Flowers | inner tepals pink to magenta throughout (rarely white), 25–40 mm; filaments red-magenta (rarely pale); anthers yellowish; style white to pink; stigma lobes white to cream. |
inner tepals yellow throughout, aging apricot to orange, obovate-apiculate, 25–38 mm; filaments whitish; anthers yellow; style green; stigma lobes dark green. |
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Fruits | maturing tan, 20–40 × 15–23 mm, dry at maturity, puberulent, spineless (except in var. treleasei); umbilicus 5–12 mm deep; areoles 24–76. |
red with green flesh, obovate, 20–35 × 15–23 mm, fleshy, short pubescent, spineless; umbilicus 5–7 mm deep; areoles (30–)36–52. |
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Seeds | yellowish to tan, ± subspheric but angular, thick, 6.5–9 × 6.5–7 mm, sides smooth or bearing 1–3 depressions; girdle protruding to 1 mm. |
yellowish, elliptic to subcircular, angular, 3–3.5 × 2.5–2.8 mm, thick, sides smooth or with 1–2 depressions; girdle protruding about 0.3 mm. |
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2n | = 22. |
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Opuntia basilaris |
Opuntia rufida |
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Phenology | Flowering spring (Mar–Apr). | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Calcareous to volcanic flats, hillsides, sandy to gravelly desert soils | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 600-1300 m (2000-4300 ft) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; UT; n Mexico
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TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango)
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Discussion | Varieties 4 (4 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Opuntia rufida hybridizes in Mexico with O. microdasys. The vernacular name is derived from the tendency for the glochids to shed into the eyes of grazing cattle that bump against the plant. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 144. | FNA vol. 4. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia | ||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | O. microdasys var. rufida, O. rufida var. tortiflora | |||||||||||||
Name authority | Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 298. (1856) | Engelmann: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 298. (1856) | ||||||||||||
Web links |