The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

beavertail, beavertail cactus, beavertail pricklypear

border pricklypear

Habit Shrubs, forming clumps, 1–2(–3) segments tall, to 7–40 cm. Shrubs, erect to sprawling, 0.5–1 m. Stem segments not easily detached, green, flattened, obovate to circular, 10–15 × 7.5–12 cm, nearly smooth, glabrous; areoles 5–7 per diagonal row across midstem segment, ovate or oblong to obovate, 3–5 mm; wool tan.
Stem

segments not disarticulating, blue- to yellow-green, sometimes tinged maroon-purple, flattened, spatulate to broadly obovate or subcircular, thick, 5–22(–35) × 2–13.5(–16) cm, nearly smooth, papillose to puberulent (rarely glabrous);

areoles 4–16(–19) per diagonal row across midstem segment, circular to elliptic, 3–5 × 3 mm;

wool white to tan, aging gray.

Spines

0(–8) per areole, when present, usually in distal areoles, spreading, yellow, straight, acicular, 5–25 mm.

4–7 per areole, mostly in distal areoles, black to red-brown with conspicuous brown to yellow tips, fading gray;

longer spines ascending, usually straight, acicular, terete, 25–35 mm; 1–2 smaller spines deflexed, chalky white, to 10 mm; 0–4 additional very small spines.

Glochids

numerous, nearly filling areoles, yellow to red-brown or dark brown, to 3 mm.

in bushy crescent at adaxial edge of areole and dense subapical tuft, yellow to brown, aging blackish, of unequal lengths, to 5 mm.

Flowers

inner tepals pink to magenta throughout (rarely white), 25–40 mm;

filaments red-magenta (rarely pale);

anthers yellowish;

style white to pink;

stigma lobes white to cream.

inner tepals yellow throughout, quickly fading to apricot, 25–30 mm;

filaments and anthers yellow;

style whitish;

stigma lobes greenish yellow to yellow.

Fruits

maturing tan, 20–40 × 15–23 mm, dry at maturity, puberulent, spineless (except in var. treleasei);

umbilicus 5–12 mm deep;

areoles 24–76.

red-purple, green-yellow interior, spheric-obovoid to pyriform, 15–20 × 12 mm, fleshy, glabrous, spineless;

areoles 20–25.

Seeds

yellowish to tan, ± subspheric but angular, thick, 6.5–9 × 6.5–7 mm, sides smooth or bearing 1–3 depressions;

girdle protruding to 1 mm.

tan to gray, subcircular, 3–4 mm diam;

girdle narrowly protruding.

2n

= 22.

Opuntia basilaris

Opuntia atrispina

Phenology Flowering spring.
Habitat Grasslands, shrublands, limestone hills
Elevation 400-700 m (1300-2300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; NV; UT; n Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 4 (4 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Opuntia atrispina has been reported from Coahuila, Mexico (H. Bravo-H. and H. Sánchez-M. 1978–1991, vol. 1), but has not been confirmed by the author.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stem segments bearing spines in at least several of distal areoles
var. treleasei
1. Stem segments essentially spineless (rarely 1-few per stem segment)
→ 2
2. Stem segments broadly obovoid to subcircular, erect; areoles (8-)10-16(-19) per diagonal row across midstem segment
var. basilaris
2. Stem segments spatulate to elongate, oblong, usually decumbent; areoles 4-8(-9) per diagonal row across midstem segment
→ 3
3. Stem segments spatulate, apex rounded; areoles 4-8(-9) per diagonal row across midstem segment; Arizona, Utah.
var. longiareolata
3. Stem segments oblong to narrowly spatulate to subcylindric, apex truncate to rounded; areoles 4-6(-7) per diagonal row across midstem segment; California
var. brachyclad
Source FNA vol. 4, p. 144. FNA vol. 4, p. 137.
Parent taxa Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia Cactaceae > subfam. Opuntioideae > Opuntia
Sibling taxa
O. aciculata, O. atrispina, O. aurea, O. aureispina, O. chisosensis, O. chlorotica, O. cubensis, O. ellisiana, O. engelmannii, O. ficus-indica, O. fragilis, O. humifusa, O. littoralis, O. macrocentra, O. macrorhiza, O. microdasys, O. oricola, O. phaeacantha, O. pinkavae, O. polyacantha, O. pottsii, O. pusilla, O. rufida, O. santa-rita, O. stricta, O. strigil, O. tortispina, O. triacantha, O. ×columbiana, O. ×curvispina, O. ×occidentalis, O. ×spinosibacca, O. ×vaseyi
O. aciculata, O. aurea, O. aureispina, O. basilaris, O. chisosensis, O. chlorotica, O. cubensis, O. ellisiana, O. engelmannii, O. ficus-indica, O. fragilis, O. humifusa, O. littoralis, O. macrocentra, O. macrorhiza, O. microdasys, O. oricola, O. phaeacantha, O. pinkavae, O. polyacantha, O. pottsii, O. pusilla, O. rufida, O. santa-rita, O. stricta, O. strigil, O. tortispina, O. triacantha, O. ×columbiana, O. ×curvispina, O. ×occidentalis, O. ×spinosibacca, O. ×vaseyi
Subordinate taxa
O. basilaris var. basilaris, O. basilaris var. brachyclad, O. basilaris var. longiareolata, O. basilaris var. treleasei
Name authority Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 3: 298. (1856) Griffiths: Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 21: 172, plate 26 (lower). (1910)
Web links