Flora of North America species comparison

to 20 per plant, blackish, usually extremely narrow, often almost hairlike, less than 0.1 mm diam., proliferations not reported.

to 20 per plant, 0.3-0.9 mm diam., producing proliferations.

spheric, 3-12 mm diam., succulent, cormlike with perforation at apex, apical meristem located at bottom of cavity through which leaves emerge at top, leaves 2 per stem.

upright, to 1 cm, 3 mm diam., leaves 1 per stem.

stalk to 0.6cm, 0.1-0.2 times as long as trophophore blade.;

trophophore blade lying nearly flat on ground, not folded longitudinally, pale green throughout, deltate to cordate, to 3 × 2 cm, contracted abruptly at truncate to cordate base, apex with apiculum.

stalk formed abruptly at base, to 5mm, sometimes more, 0.05 times length of trophophore blade.;

trophophore blade erect to spreading, usually plane when alive, dark green, somewhat shiny, mostly ovate to ovate-trowel-shaped, widest in proximal half, to 10 × 4cm, firm, herbaceous, base tapering abruptly, apex rounded;

venation complex-reticulate with included free veinlets in areoles.

coarsely reticulate with included veinlets.

arising at ground level, 1-5 times as long as trophophore;

sporangial clusters usually short, less than 1 cm, 2-3 mm wide, with 3-8 pairs of sporangia, apiculum to 1.5 mm.

arising at ground level, stalk 2-4 times length of trophophore;

sporangial clusters 20-40 × 1-4 mm, with 10-35 pairs of sporangia, apiculum 1-1.5mm.

=ca.1320.