Ophioglossum californicum |
Ophioglossum engelmannii |
|
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California Adder's-tongue |
limestone Adder's-tongue |
|
Roots | to 16 per plant, pale brown, 0.5-1 mm diam., producing proliferations. |
to 25 per plant, tan to brown, 0.5-1.5mm diam., straight, producing proliferations. |
Stem | upright, to 1.6 cm, 5mm diam., commonly 2 leaves per stem. |
upright, to 1.5 cm, 4 mm diam., leaves 1-2 per stem. |
Trophophore | stalk 0-1.8cm, to 2.5 times length of trophophore blade.; trophophore blade erect to spreading, commonly ± folded when alive, green, dull, without pale central band when dried, to 4.3 × 1 cm (rarely 0.4 × 0.3 mm), herbaceous, thick, gradually tapering to base, apex attenuate; venation complex-reticulate, with numerous parallel narrow areoles, each with 1-several included veinlets. |
stalk to 0.1 cm, 0.01 times length of blade.; trophophore blade erect to spreading, commonly ± folded when alive, uniformly pale green throughout when dried, dull, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 10 × 4.5 cm, firm, herbaceous, base narrowed abruptly, apex with apiculum to 0.8 mm; venation complex-reticulate, veinlets forming numerous, very tiny, secondary areoles within the major areoles. |
Sporophores | arising near ground level, 1-2.5 times length of trophophore; sporangial clusters 8-15 × 1-3 mm, with 8-15 pairs of sporangia, apiculum 0.3-1 mm. |
arising at ground level, 1.3-2.5 times as long as trophophore; sporangial clusters 2-4 × 0.13-0.31 cm, pairs of sporangia 20-40, apiculum 0-1.3 mm. |
Ophioglossum californicum |
Ophioglossum engelmannii |
|
Phenology | Leaves appearing in late winter and early spring; apparently absent during dry years. | Leaves appearing early–late spring, often with second flush later in season following summer rains. |
Habitat | Open grassy fields and prairies | Mostly in soil over limestone in open fields, pastures, and cedar glades |
Elevation | 50-300 m (200-1000 ft) | 50-1000 m (200-3300 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico
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AL; AR; AZ; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; NM; OH; OK; TN; TX; VA; WV; Mexico; Central America
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Discussion | Ophioglossum californicum differs from the Old World species O. lusitanicum in that O. lusitanicum has a narrowly linear to linear-oblanceolate trophophore that is 1/4 to 1/2 as wide as long; O. lusitanicum also has a much simpler venation and usually lacks an apiculum. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Ophioglossaceae > Ophioglossum | Ophioglossaceae > Ophioglossum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. lusitanicum subsp. californicum | |
Name authority | Prantl: Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 1: 355. (1883) | Prantl: Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 1: 351. (1883) |
Web links |