Oenothera wolfii
Oenothera elata
Wolf's evening-primrose
evening primrose, Hooker's evening-primrose, western evening primrose
erect, green, flushed with red proximally or red throughout, unbranched or branches obliquely arising from rosette and sometimes secondary branches arising from main stem, 50–100 cm.
erect, green, flushed with red proximally or red throughout, unbranched or branches obliquely arising from rosette and secondary branches arising from main stem, 30–250 cm.
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 13–35 ×1.5–4(–5) cm, cauline 5–18 × 1–2.5(–4) cm;
blade dull green, flat, oblanceolate to narrowly lanceolate or lanceolate to elliptic, margins bluntly dentate or subentire, teeth widely spaced or sinuate proximally;
bracts persistent.
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 10–43 × 1.2–4(–6) cm, cauline 4–25 × 1–2.5(–4) cm;
blade dull green to grayish green, rarely red, narrowly oblanceolate or oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or narrowly lanceolate, margins usually flat, rarely undulate, bluntly dentate or subentire, teeth sometimes widely spaced, proximal blades sometimes sinuate-dentate toward base;
bracts persistent.
erect, unbranched.
erect, unbranched.
opening near sunset;
buds erect, 5–8 mmdiam., with free tips terminal, erect, 1–3 mm;
floral tube 30–46 mm;
sepals yellowish green, also usually flushed with red or red-striped, 17–28 mm;
petals yellow, fading orange, pale yellow and somewhat opaque, very broadly obcordate, 13–23 mm, conspicuously shorter than sepals;
filaments 12–20 mm, anthers 7–12 mm, pollen ca. 50% fertile;
style 43–58 mm, stigma usually slightly exserted beyond anthers or surrounded by them at anthesis.
opening near sunset;
buds erect, 6–10 mm diam., with free tips terminal, erect, 1–7 mm;
floral tube (20–)30–45(–50) mm;
sepals yellowish green, red-striped or strongly flushed with red, 27–50 mm;
petals yellow to pale yellow, fading orange or pale yellow, very broadly obcordate, (25–)30–47(–55) mm;
filaments 17–25 mm, anthers 8–23 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile;
style 50–90 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis.
erect or slightly spreading, dark dull green and sometimes red-striped when dry, narrowly lanceoloid, 30–48 × 5–7 mm, free tips of valves 0.5–2.5mm.
erect or slightly spreading, dull green or gray-green when dry, narrowly lanceoloid, 20–65 × 4–7 mm, free tips of valves 0.5–2.5 mm.
0.9–2 × 0.9–1.3 mm.
1–1.9 × 0.6–1.2 mm.
= 14.
Oenothera wolfii
Oenothera elata
Oenothera wolfii is a PTH species and forms a ring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous (W. Dietrich et al. 1997). It has plastome I and a AA genome composition. It is known only from the vicinity of Port Orford, Curry County, Oregon (currently apparently only as far north as Otter Rock), south in a scattered distribution through Del Norte County to the mouth of the Mattole River, Humboldt County, California. The distribution, at least in California, is closely associated with small patches of Cenozoic-age marine sediments, isolated from each other by Franciscan sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Most populations appear to occur near river mouths or to the south of a headland. The largest populations center in the area about 11 km long in the vicinity of Crescent City in Del Norte County, between Point George and Enderts Beach in Redwood National Park. There are collections from two inland California localities, one at the eastern border of Humboldt County, California (Willow Creek, Trinity River Valley), and the other at Carville, Trinity County, that may be O. wolfii. If so, they would presumably represent recent introductions and should be studied further. As summarized by Dietrich et al., O. wolfii is a rare endemic of coastal habitats and known from about 20 different sites. The total number of individuals of O. wolfii apparently fluctuates, with perhaps no more than about 5000 individuals total. It is threatened by any potential development and alteration of its habitat, presently by road maintenance and foot traffic. Another possibly more serious threat comes from the recent spread of O. glazioviana to this area. Oenothera glazioviana could swamp populations through hybridization and, perhaps, by direct competition.
Oenothera wolfii is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Subspecies 3 (2 in the flora).
Subspecies elata differs in anthers 7–12 mm, fewer or no pustulate-based hairs, and generally smaller flowers and habit. It ranges from the highlands of central Mexico, including Guanajuato, Hidalgo, México, Michoacán, Puebla, Querétaro, and Veracruz, south to Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica, and Panama.
Oenothera elata has plastome I and a AA genome composition. Onagra kunthiana Spach is a superfluous name that pertains here.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Plants strigillose, usually also villous, with appressed or spreading hairs, sometimes these with red-pustulate bases, distally sometimes also glandular puberulent; buds green to yellowish green, red-striped, or sometimes red throughout; anthers 8–15(–20) mm. | subsp. hirsutissima |
1. Plants strigillose, also villous with appressed or spreading hairs, usually these with conspicuous red-pustulate bases, also glandular puberulent; buds flushed with red; anthers 12–23 mm. | subsp. hookeri |
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