Oenothera toumeyi |
Oenothera arizonica |
|
---|---|---|
|
California evening primrose |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial or sometimes annual, glabrate to strigillose throughout; from a stout taproot. | Herbs winter-annual, younger parts sparsely to densely strigillose and sparsely to densely hirsute, older stems glabrate; from a taproot. |
Stems | 1–several, ascending to erect, unbranched to densely branched, 15–70 cm. |
ascending to erect, with decumbent branches, thickened at base, tapering toward apex, 10–35(–60) cm. |
Leaves | 1–3.5 × 0.1–0.7 cm, fascicles of small leaves 0.2–2.5 cm present in non-flowering axils; petiole 0 cm; blade narrowly lanceolate, base acute-attenuate, margins entire or obscurely and sparsely serrulate, not undulate, apex acute. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 5–10(–26) × 0.6–1.5(–3.5) cm, cauline 5–8(–15.5) × 1–2 cm; petiole 0–12 cm; blade lanceolate to oblanceolate, margins pinnatifid or sometimes coarsely serrate. |
Flowers | usually 1 per stem opening per day at sunset; buds with free tips 2–9(–12) mm; floral tube (15–)30–60(–70) mm, funnelform in distal 1/2 or less; sepals 10–25 mm; petals yellow, fading pale pink or pale purple, 10–20 mm; filaments 4–12 mm, anthers 6–10 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 35–70(–80) mm, stigma yellow, quadrangular, usually exserted beyond anthers. |
1–several opening per day near sunset; buds nodding, weakly quadrangular, without free tips; floral tube 26–31 mm; sepals 19–26 mm, conspicuously maroon-spotted, each spot at base of a long hair; petals white, fading pink to deep pink, broadly obovate or obcordate, 16–26(–36) mm; filaments 9–15 mm, anthers 7–9 mm; style 45–50 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | 10–50 × 1.5–4 mm, somewhat papery, promptly dehiscent in distal 1/2. |
spreading, woody in age, curved upward, or distal end recurved, cylindrical, obtusely 4-angled, especially toward base, tapering gradually from base to apex, 30–80 × 2.5–3.5 mm; sessile. |
Seeds | obovoid, 2–3 mm. |
numerous, in 1 row per locule, light brown to yellowish brown with dark purple splotches, obovoid, 1.6–2 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera toumeyi |
Oenothera arizonica |
|
Phenology | Flowering (May–)Jul–Oct. | Flowering (Oct–)Feb–May. |
Habitat | Local and uncommon on shaded, rocky slopes or disturbed areas, pine-oak forests. | Gravelly or sandy soil, along watercourses, disturbed sites. |
Elevation | 1500–2600 m. (4900–8500 ft.) | 200–1400 m. (700–4600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora) |
AZ; Mexico (Sonora) |
Discussion | Oenothera toumeyi occurs locally from the Chiricahua, Huachuca, and Santa Rita mountains in Cochise and Santa Cruz counties, Arizona, and the Mogollon Mountains in southern Catron County, New Mexico, south through northeastern Sonora in the Sierra Madre Occidental to west-central Chihuahua. H. F. Towner (1977) found that O. toumeyi is self-incompatible and vespertine. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera arizonica occurs in southern Arizona from Maricopa and Yuma counties to Cochise County, and from scattered localities in northern Sonora, Mexico, including Cerro Tepopa, Puerto Libertad, and Tastiota. The populations from southwestern Arizona (Yuma County) southward to Sonora often grow on low dunes. Populations from sand dunes in Yuma County, Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge, appear to be a large phenotype of Oenothera arizonica that differ from all other specimens in the size of vegetative parts and flowers, and comprise all of the atypical measurements given in the description. Oenothera arizonica typically grows on dunes in Sonora, but rarely so in Arizona. Populations growing on dunes should be studied further and compared to non-dune populations in the northern and eastern portion of the range. Oenothera arizonica is self-compatible (W. L. Wagner et al. 2007; K. E. Theiss et al. 2010). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Galpinsia toumeyi, Calylophus hartwegii subsp. toumeyi, C. hartwegii var. toumeyi, C. toumeyi, O. hartwegii var. toumeyi | O. deltoides var. arizonica, O. avita subsp. arizonica, O. californica subsp. arizonica |
Name authority | (Small) Tidestrom: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 48: 41. (1935) | (Munz) W. L. Wagner: Novon 8: 308. (1998) |
Web links |