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Texas evening primrose

Cleland's evening primrose

Habit Herbs perennial, caulescent, strigillose and also sparsely hirsute; from slender taproot. Herbs biennial, densely to sometimes sparsely strigillose, or also sparsely glandular puberulent distally.
Stems

several–many, ascending, unbranched or branched, 25–50 cm.

sometimes with lateral branches arising obliquely from rosette, 20–70(–100) cm.

Leaves

in a basal rosette and cauline, basal (1–)2.5–6.5 × 0.6–2.3 cm, blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly ovate or ovate, margins weakly serrulate to sinuate-pinnatifid;

cauline 1–5.5 × 0.6–2 cm, blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly ovate, margins weakly serrulate.

in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 5–16 × 0.5–1.5 cm, cauline 2–12 × 0.5–2 cm;

blade narrowly oblanceolate, gradually narrowly elliptic to narrowly lanceolate distally, margins lobed to remotely dentate or subentire;

bracts slightly longer than capsule they subtend.

Inflorescences

erect.

dense, without lateral branches, mature buds usually not overtopping spike apex.

Flowers

1–3 opening per day near sunrise;

buds with free tips 0–1 mm;

floral tube 15–26 mm;

sepals 15–23 mm;

petals rose purple, fading darker, 12–25(–30) mm;

filaments 9–13 mm, anthers 3.5–6mm, pollen 85–100% fertile;

style 26–36 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis.

2–several per spike opening per day near sunset;

buds erect, with free tips erect, 0.5–2 mm;

floral tube slightly curved upward to± straight, 15–40 mm;

sepals 6–13 mm;

petals yellow, broadly elliptic to rhombic-ovate, 5–16 mm;

filaments 4–18 mm, anthers 2–3.5 mm, pollen ca. 50% fertile;

style 20–40 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis.

Capsules

clavate or narrowly obovoid, 9–15 × 3.5–6 mm, apex attenuate to a sterile beak, valve midrib prominent in distal part, proximal stipe 7–12(–28) mm, gradually taperingto base;

sessile.

narrowly lanceoloid, 10–20 ×2–3 mm.

Seeds

narrowly obovoid, 0.8–1 × 0.2–0.4 mm.

brown, sometimes flecked with dark red spots, ellipsoid, 1–1.9 × 0.4–0.8 mm.

2n

= 14.

= 14.

Oenothera texensis

Oenothera clelandii

Phenology Flowering May–Sep. Flowering Jun–Aug(–Sep).
Habitat Sandy and gravel bars of streambeds and along streams. Fields, prairies, sandy soil.
Elevation 900–2500 m. (3000–8200 ft.) 150–300 m. (500–1000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Coahuila, Tamaulipas)
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; IA; IL; IN; KY; MI; MN; MO; NJ; NY; VA; WI; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

In the flora area, Oenothera texensis is known only from Jeff Davis County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Oenothera clelandii is a PTH species and forms a ring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous (W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner 1988). Some localities in the easternmost states may represent introductions, primarily occurring in disturbed areas along roads and railroad lines.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Hartmannia Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Oenothera > subsect. Candela
Sibling taxa
O. acutissima, O. albicaulis, O. argillicola, O. arida, O. arizonica, O. biennis, O. boquillensis, O. brachycarpa, O. calcicola, O. californica, O. canescens, O. capillifolia, O. cavernae, O. cespitosa, O. cinerea, O. clelandii, O. coloradensis, O. cordata, O. coronopifolia, O. coryi, O. curtiflora, O. curtissii, O. deltoides, O. demareei, O. dodgeniana, O. drummondii, O. elata, O. engelmannii, O. falfurriae, O. filiformis, O. filipes, O. flava, O. fruticosa, O. gaura, O. gayleana, O. glaucifolia, O. glazioviana, O. grandiflora, O. grandis, O. harringtonii, O. hartwegii, O. havardii, O. heterophylla, O. hispida, O. howardii, O. humifusa, O. jamesii, O. kunthiana, O. laciniata, O. lavandulifolia, O. lindheimeri, O. linifolia, O. longissima, O. macrocarpa, O. mckelveyae, O. mexicana, O. nealleyi, O. neomexicana, O. nutans, O. nuttallii, O. oakesiana, O. organensis, O. pallida, O. parviflora, O. patriciae, O. perennis, O. pilosella, O. platanorum, O. podocarpa, O. primiveris, O. psammophila, O. pubescens, O. rhombipetala, O. riparia, O. rosea, O. serrulata, O. sessilis, O. simulans, O. sinuosa, O. spachiana, O. speciosa, O. stricta, O. suffrutescens, O. suffulta, O. tetraptera, O. toumeyi, O. triangulata, O. triloba, O. tubicula, O. villosa, O. wolfii, O. xylocarpa
O. acutissima, O. albicaulis, O. argillicola, O. arida, O. arizonica, O. biennis, O. boquillensis, O. brachycarpa, O. calcicola, O. californica, O. canescens, O. capillifolia, O. cavernae, O. cespitosa, O. cinerea, O. coloradensis, O. cordata, O. coronopifolia, O. coryi, O. curtiflora, O. curtissii, O. deltoides, O. demareei, O. dodgeniana, O. drummondii, O. elata, O. engelmannii, O. falfurriae, O. filiformis, O. filipes, O. flava, O. fruticosa, O. gaura, O. gayleana, O. glaucifolia, O. glazioviana, O. grandiflora, O. grandis, O. harringtonii, O. hartwegii, O. havardii, O. heterophylla, O. hispida, O. howardii, O. humifusa, O. jamesii, O. kunthiana, O. laciniata, O. lavandulifolia, O. lindheimeri, O. linifolia, O. longissima, O. macrocarpa, O. mckelveyae, O. mexicana, O. nealleyi, O. neomexicana, O. nutans, O. nuttallii, O. oakesiana, O. organensis, O. pallida, O. parviflora, O. patriciae, O. perennis, O. pilosella, O. platanorum, O. podocarpa, O. primiveris, O. psammophila, O. pubescens, O. rhombipetala, O. riparia, O. rosea, O. serrulata, O. sessilis, O. simulans, O. sinuosa, O. spachiana, O. speciosa, O. stricta, O. suffrutescens, O. suffulta, O. tetraptera, O. texensis, O. toumeyi, O. triangulata, O. triloba, O. tubicula, O. villosa, O. wolfii, O. xylocarpa
Name authority P. H. Raven & D. R. Parnell: Madroño 20: 247. (1970) W. Dietrich, P. H. Raven & W. L. Wagner: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 196. (1983)
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