Oenothera suffulta |
Oenothera kunthiana |
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bee-blossom, kisses, roadside gaura, wild honey-suckle |
Kunth's evening-primrose |
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Habit | Herbs annual, sparsely villous proximally, leaves glabrate to sparsely villous along veins and on margins, usually glabrous distally, except sometimes proximal part of inflorescence, especially bracts, sparsely villous; from stout taproot. | Herbs annual, strigillose and also hirsute; from a slender taproot. |
Stems | usually well-branched, 25–120 cm. |
5–40 cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 7–11 × 0.1–2.3 cm, blade lyrate; cauline 1–9.5 × 0.1–2.3 cm, blade narrowly lanceolate to linear, margins sinuate-dentate, undulate. |
1–6 × 0.3–3 cm; petiole 0.1–1.1 cm; blade usually lanceolate to oblanceolate, sometimes elliptic, margins weakly serrate to sinuate-pinnatifid. |
Flowers | 4-merous, zygomorphic, opening at sunset; floral tube 6.5–14 mm; sepals 11–21 mm; petals white, fading pink to red or sometimes purple, elliptic-obovate, 10–15 mm; filaments 6–9 mm, anthers 2–6 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 16–32 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
1–3 opening per day near sunset; buds with free tips 0–0.5 mm; floral tube 5–31 mm; sepals 10–27 mm; petals white, fading pink, 8–25 mm; filaments 6–12 mm, anthers 3–5 mm, pollen 35–65% fertile; style 12–30 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | ovoid, narrowly 4-winged, furrowed between angles, 4.5–8 × 2–5 mm, abruptly tapering to stipe 0–1 mm; sessile. |
broadly clavate or obovoid, 7–31 ×3–5 mm, winged, wings 0.5–1.5 mm, valve surface with prominent midrib, proximal stipe 3–17 mm; sessile. |
Seeds | (1 or)2–4(or 5), yellowish to light brown, 2–3 × 1 mm. |
narrowly obovoid, 0.9–1.2 × 0.4–0.5 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera suffulta |
Oenothera kunthiana |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Aug. | Flowering Feb–May. |
Habitat | In open, sandy places. | Alluvial flats, open areas, sandy soil, weedy sites. |
Elevation | 10–1100 m. (0–3600 ft.) | 10–1300[–2000] m. (0–4300[–6600] ft.) |
Distribution |
OK; TX
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TX; Mexico; Central America; n South America [Introduced widely in temperate Europe, Asia, Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Australia]
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Discussion | Oenothera suffulta is more common in western Texas while uncommon elsewhere throughout Texas, and absent in the Trans-Pecos region. P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) determined O. suffulta to be self-incompatible. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera kunthiana is a PTH species and forms a ring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous, common and widespread from sea level to middle elevations in the mountains from southern Texas south throughout Mexico except for Baja California and the tropical lowlands southward to Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica; it was once collected in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Oenothera kunthiana was recently found to be naturalized in the Hawaiian Islands. Oenothera pinnatifida Kunth is a later homonym of O. pinnatifida Nuttall and another later homonym is O. micrantha Walpers, not Hornemann ex Sprengel (1825); they both pertain here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gaura > subsect. Gaura | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Leucocoryne |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gaura suffulta | Hartmannia kunthiana, H. domingensis, H. parviflora, O. domingensis, O. fissifolia, O. walpersii |
Name authority | (Engelmann ex A. Gray) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 214. (2007) | (Spach) Munz: Amer. J. Bot. 19: 759. (1932) |
Web links |