Oenothera stricta |
Oenothera havardii |
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Chilean evening primrose |
Havard's evening primrose |
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Habit | Herbs compact to sprawling, strigillose; from a taproot, lateral roots producing adventitious shoots. | |
Stems | usually many-branched, sometimes unbranched, often twining among vegetation, sometimes rooting at nodes, 5–25(–70) cm. |
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Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal usually quickly deciduous, (1–)2–5 × (0.2–)0.5–1.5 cm; petiole 0–0.6 cm; blade oblanceolate, linear-lanceolate to linear distally, margins few toothed to pinnately lobed to sinuate-dentate distally. |
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Flowers | 1–few opening per day near sunset; buds often twisted, free tips coherent; floral tube (37–)45–60(–65) mm; sepals (16–)18–26(–30) mm; petals lemon-yellow, fading orange-red to reddish purple, usually elliptic, sometimes oblanceolate, (18–)21–30(–32) mm; filaments 15–18(–22) mm, anthers red, 6–13 mm; style (55–)65–86(–94) mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
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Capsules | woody, narrowly ovoid to ovoid, 4-angled, 8–13(–16) × 3–4 mm, apex tapering to a short sterile beak 2–3 mm, valves with a prominent, broad midrib and capsule appearing 8-ribbed, tardily dehiscent ca. 1/3 capsule length. |
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Seeds | 2–2.5(–3.3) × 1.2–1.5 mm, sometimes with a small wing at distal end or a raised ridge along one longitudinal margin. |
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2n | = 14, 28. |
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Oenothera stricta |
Oenothera havardii |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Oct. | |
Habitat | In depressions, seasonally wet flats, stream banks, margins of irrigated fields, sandy or clay soil, among tufted grasses like Sporobolus wrightii, primarily in Chihuahuan Desert. | |
Elevation | 1300–2000 m. [4300–6600 ft.] | |
Distribution |
South America [Introduced, California] |
AZ; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sonora, Zacatecas) |
Discussion | Subspecies 2 (1 in the flora). Oenothera stricta is a PTH species and forms a ring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous (W. Dietrich 1977). Subspecies stricta is naturalized in many areas around the world and may be so in California. Subspecies altissima W. Dietrich occurs only in Argentina. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera havardii ranges from Brewster and Presidio counties, Texas, and Cochise County, Arizona, south to Durango and Zacatecas, Mexico. W. L. Wagner (1984) found that O. havardii is self-incompatible and vespertine. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Hartmannia havardii, H. palmeri | |
Name authority | Ledebour ex Link: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 377. (1821) — (as striata) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 20: 366. (1885) — (as havardi) |
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