Oenothera sinuosa |
Oenothera patriciae |
|
---|---|---|
wavy-leaf gaura, wavyleaf beeblossom |
plains beeblossom |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, usually glabrous, sometimes strigillose and villous, hairs erect; from a woody taproot but spreading by rhizomes (forming extensive colonies). | Herbs annual, villous proximally, sparsely villous along leaf veins and on margins, usually glabrate or, sometimes, strigillose distally; from taproot. |
Stems | erect, branched below and just above ground, branched also proximal to inflorescences, 40–120(–250) cm. |
usually well-branched from base and distally, rarely unbranched, 15–65(–85) cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, (1–)3–11 × (0.1–)0.5–2 cm, blade linear to narrowly oblanceolate, margins usually sparsely sinuate-dentate, rarely subentire, often undulate. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 6–9.5 × 1–2 cm, blade lyrate; cauline 1–7 × 0.1–2.3 cm, blade narrowly lanceolate to oblanceolate, margins shallowly sinuate-denticulate to subentire. |
Inflorescences | stout. |
|
Flowers | 4-merous, zygomorphic, opening near sunset; floral tube 2.5–5 mm; sepals 7–14 mm; petals white, fading pink to red, slightly unequal, elliptic, 7–15 mm; stamens presented in lower 1/2 of flower, filaments 5–11 mm, lanate at very base, anthers 3–5 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 12–19 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
(3- or)4-merous, zygomorphic, opening at sunset; floral tube 6–12 mm; sepals 10–15 mm; petals white, fading pink to purple, elliptic-obovate, 8–13 mm; filaments 5–8 mm, anthers 2–4 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 15–24 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | narrowly ovoid, narrowly 4-winged or 4-angled, 8–15 × 1.5–3.5 mm, abruptly constricted to a long, sterile stipe 2–8 mm. |
ellipsoid, narrowly (3- or)4-winged, deeply furrowed between wings, 6–10 × 2–3 mm, with or without prominent lower corners, narrowed to a stipe 0–1 mm; sessile. |
Seeds | (1 or)2–4, light to reddish brown, 2–3 × 1–1.5 mm. |
3 or 4, yellowish to reddish brown, 2–3 × 1–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
= 14. |
Oenothera sinuosa |
Oenothera patriciae |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Aug. | Flowering Feb–Jun. |
Habitat | Flats and washes in light sandy loam. | Open, sandy sites. |
Elevation | 0–300(–1300) m. (0–1000(–4300) ft.) | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; MO; NY; OK; TX [Introduced in Europe (Italy), s Africa]
|
LA; MS; OK; TX |
Discussion | P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) determined Oenothera sinuosa to be self-incompatible. Oenothera sinuosa is endemic to Oklahoma and Texas and is escaped or naturalized in Alabama, Arkansas, California (where found to 1300 m), Florida, Georgia, Missouri, and New York. Oenothera sinuosa is potentially a noxious weed due to the aggressive rhizomatous habit, but is somewhat limited by its self-incompatibility. Molecular data (G. D. Hoggard et al. 2004) are consistent with the hypothesis that the allotetraploid (2n = 28) O. sinuosa arose by interspecific hybridization of two species within subsect. Stipogaura as suggested by P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]). The molecular data indicate that the pistillate parent came from O. calcicola or a close relative, while the staminate parent originated from the lineage that gave rise to O. cinerea and O. filipes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera patriciae is known from Acadia Parish, Louisiana, Amite County, Mississippi, Bryan and Love counties, Oklahoma, and eastern Texas. Reports of Oenothera patriciae near Tulsa, Oklahoma, and at the single locations in Arkansas and Mississippi may represent introductions. P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) determined O. patriciae to be self-compatible, but primarily outcrossing. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gaura > subsect. Stipogaura | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gaura > subsect. Gaura |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gaura sinuata | Gaura brachycarpa, G. hexandra var. coryi, G. tripetala var. coryi |
Name authority | W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 214. (2007) | W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 213. (2007) |
Web links |