Oenothera sinuosa |
Oenothera filipes |
|
---|---|---|
wavy-leaf gaura, wavyleaf beeblossom |
slenderstalk beeblossom |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, usually glabrous, sometimes strigillose and villous, hairs erect; from a woody taproot but spreading by rhizomes (forming extensive colonies). | Herbs perennial, clumped, sparsely to densely strigillose, inflorescence usually glabrous or glandular puberulent, sometimes proximalmost parts villous, hairs erect, 1–2 mm; from heavy, twisted, woody rootstock. |
Stems | erect, branched below and just above ground, branched also proximal to inflorescences, 40–120(–250) cm. |
erect, branched below and just above ground, branched also proximal to inflorescences, 60–250(–300) cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, (1–)3–11 × (0.1–)0.5–2 cm, blade linear to narrowly oblanceolate, margins usually sparsely sinuate-dentate, rarely subentire, often undulate. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, (1–)3–9 × (0.1–)0.5–1.3 cm, blade linear or narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, margins slightly to coarsely sinuate-dentate. |
Inflorescences | stout. |
slender, often well-branched, buds small and well-spaced. |
Flowers | 4-merous, zygomorphic, opening near sunset; floral tube 2.5–5 mm; sepals 7–14 mm; petals white, fading pink to red, slightly unequal, elliptic, 7–15 mm; stamens presented in lower 1/2 of flower, filaments 5–11 mm, lanate at very base, anthers 3–5 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 12–19 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
4-merous, zygomorphic, opening near sunset; floral tube 2.5–6 mm; sepals 5–12.5 mm; petals white, fading pink to red, slightly unequal, elliptic, 5–10 mm, clawed; stamens presented evenly around flower parts, filaments 3–8.5 mm, anthers 1.4–4 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 8.5–19 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | narrowly ovoid, narrowly 4-winged or 4-angled, 8–15 × 1.5–3.5 mm, abruptly constricted to a long, sterile stipe 2–8 mm. |
ovoid, narrowly 4-winged or 4-angled, 5–10 × 1.5–2 mm, abruptly constricted to a sterile stipe 0.5–4.5 mm. |
Seeds | (1 or)2–4, light to reddish brown, 2–3 × 1–1.5 mm. |
1 or 2, yellowish to reddish brown, 1.5–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
= 14. |
Oenothera sinuosa |
Oenothera filipes |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Aug. | Flowering May–Sep(–Oct). |
Habitat | Flats and washes in light sandy loam. | Sandy hills and flats, open woods. |
Elevation | 0–300(–1300) m. (0–1000(–4300) ft.) | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; MO; NY; OK; TX [Introduced in Europe (Italy), s Africa]
|
AL; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MO; MS; SC; TN
|
Discussion | P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) determined Oenothera sinuosa to be self-incompatible. Oenothera sinuosa is endemic to Oklahoma and Texas and is escaped or naturalized in Alabama, Arkansas, California (where found to 1300 m), Florida, Georgia, Missouri, and New York. Oenothera sinuosa is potentially a noxious weed due to the aggressive rhizomatous habit, but is somewhat limited by its self-incompatibility. Molecular data (G. D. Hoggard et al. 2004) are consistent with the hypothesis that the allotetraploid (2n = 28) O. sinuosa arose by interspecific hybridization of two species within subsect. Stipogaura as suggested by P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]). The molecular data indicate that the pistillate parent came from O. calcicola or a close relative, while the staminate parent originated from the lineage that gave rise to O. cinerea and O. filipes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera filipes occurs marginally in several states, including: southernmost Illinois and southern Indiana; northern Florida; southeastern Mississippi; and, Washington Parish, Louisiana. P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) determined O. filipes to be self-incompatible. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gaura > subsect. Stipogaura | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gaura > subsect. Stipogaura |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gaura sinuata | Gaura filipes, G. filipes var. major, G. michauxii |
Name authority | W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 214. (2007) | (Spach) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 212. (2007) |
Web links |