Oenothera rosea |
Oenothera suffulta |
|
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pink evening primrose, rose evening-primrose |
bee-blossom, kisses, roadside gaura, wild honey-suckle |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, caulescent, strigillose and often also sparsely hirsute; from slender taproot. | Herbs annual, sparsely villous proximally, leaves glabrate to sparsely villous along veins and on margins, usually glabrous distally, except sometimes proximal part of inflorescence, especially bracts, sparsely villous; from stout taproot. |
Stems | 1–several, ascending to decumbent, 7–65 cm. |
usually well-branched, 25–120 cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 1–6 × 0.3–2 cm, blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic or ovate, margins subentire, weakly serrulate, or sinuate-pinnatifid; cauline 1–6 × 0.3–2 cm, blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly ovate, margins subentire or weakly serrulate, proximal ones sinuate-pinnatifid. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 7–11 × 0.1–2.3 cm, blade lyrate; cauline 1–9.5 × 0.1–2.3 cm, blade narrowly lanceolate to linear, margins sinuate-dentate, undulate. |
Inflorescences | erect. |
|
Flowers | 1–3 opening per day near sunrise; buds with free tips 0.1–1 mm; floral tube 4–8 mm; sepals 6–12 mm; petals rose purple, fading darker, 4–12 mm; filaments 4–6 mm, anthers 2–3.5 mm, pollen 35–65% fertile; style 7–13.5 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
4-merous, zygomorphic, opening at sunset; floral tube 6.5–14 mm; sepals 11–21 mm; petals white, fading pink to red or sometimes purple, elliptic-obovate, 10–15 mm; filaments 6–9 mm, anthers 2–6 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 16–32 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | narrowly obovoid, 4–12 × 2–4 mm, apex attenuate to a sterile beak, proximal stipe 5–20 mm, gradually tapering to base, valve midrib prominent in distal part; sessile. |
ovoid, narrowly 4-winged, furrowed between angles, 4.5–8 × 2–5 mm, abruptly tapering to stipe 0–1 mm; sessile. |
Seeds | narrowly obovoid, 0.5–0.9 × 0.3–0.5 mm. |
(1 or)2–4(or 5), yellowish to light brown, 2–3 × 1 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera rosea |
Oenothera suffulta |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Sep. | Flowering Apr–Aug. |
Habitat | tropical areas.. | In open, sandy places. |
Elevation | 10–600 m. (0–2000 ft.) | 10–1100 m. (0–3600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; TX; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; tropical areas [Introduced in South America (Argentina), Europe, Asia, s Africa, Atlantic Islands (Azores, Canary Islands)]
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OK; TX
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Discussion | Oenothera rosea is a PTH species, forming a ring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous. In the flora area, it is known from Cochise, Pima, and Santa Cruz counties in Arizona, Alameda, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Francisco, and Santa Barbara counties in California (primarily in urban areas), and from southern Texas. It is clearly of North American origin, since all of its close relatives are confined to North America, and has spread south along the Andes. It occurs at 500–3700 m in South America but generally at lower elevations in most areas. The name Hartmannia affinis Spach is illegitimate, being based on Oenothera virgata; H. gauroides Spach is also illegitimate, being based on O. rosea; O. purpurea Lamarck is a later homonym; these three names pertain here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera suffulta is more common in western Texas while uncommon elsewhere throughout Texas, and absent in the Trans-Pecos region. P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) determined O. suffulta to be self-incompatible. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gaura epilobia, Godetia heuckii, Hartmannia rosea, H. rosea var. parvifolia, H. virgata, O. psycrophila, O. rosea var. parvifolia, O. rubra, O. virgata, Xylopleurum roseum | Gaura suffulta |
Name authority | L’Héritier ex Aiton: Hort. Kew. 2: 3. (1789) | (Engelmann ex A. Gray) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 214. (2007) |
Web links |