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New Mexico evening-primrose

Habit Herbs perennial, glabrate proximally, strigillose and villous distally; from a taproot, also with lateral roots producing adventitious shoots. Herbs perennial or sometimes annual, glabrate to strigillose throughout; from a stout taproot.
Stems

erect or ascending, unbranched or branched, 30–60 cm.

1–several, ascending to erect, unbranched to densely branched, 15–70 cm.

Leaves

in a basal rosette and cauline, rosette weakly developed or absent, at least during flowering, 3–9 × (0.6–)1–2.5 cm;

petiole 0–2 cm;

blade oblong to lanceolate or narrowly ovate, margins irregularly sinuate-dentate.

1–3.5 × 0.1–0.7 cm, fascicles of small leaves 0.2–2.5 cm present in non-flowering axils;

petiole 0 cm;

blade narrowly lanceolate, base acute-attenuate, margins entire or obscurely and sparsely serrulate, not undulate, apex acute.

Flowers

1–several opening per day near sunset;

buds nodding, weakly quadrangular, with free tips 0.5–4 mm;

floral tube 30–50 mm;

sepals 20–30 mm, not spotted;

petals white, fading pink, broadly obovate, 20–30 mm;

filaments 10–15 mm, anthers 8–15 mm;

style 50–70 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis.

usually 1 per stem opening per day at sunset;

buds with free tips 2–9(–12) mm;

floral tube (15–)30–60(–70) mm, funnelform in distal 1/2 or less;

sepals 10–25 mm;

petals yellow, fading pale pink or pale purple, 10–20 mm;

filaments 4–12 mm, anthers 6–10 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile;

style 35–70(–80) mm, stigma yellow, quadrangular, usually exserted beyond anthers.

Capsules

erect or strongly ascending, not woody, straight or slightly curved, subcylindrical, obtusely 4-angled, tapering gradually from base to apex, 20–30 × 2–3 mm;

sessile.

10–50 × 1.5–4 mm, somewhat papery, promptly dehiscent in distal 1/2.

Seeds

numerous, in 1 row per locule, dark brown, narrowly obovoid, 1.5 mm.

obovoid, 2–3 mm.

2n

= 14.

= 14.

Oenothera neomexicana

Oenothera toumeyi

Phenology Flowering (Mar–)Jun–Jul(–Sep). Flowering (May–)Jul–Oct.
Habitat Uncommon, in rocky or sandy clay or loamy soil in coniferous forest openings, stream valleys, roadsides. Local and uncommon on shaded, rocky slopes or disturbed areas, pine-oak forests.
Elevation 1500–3300 m. (4900–10800 ft.) 1500–2600 m. (4900–8500 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Oenothera neomexicana is known from central to western New Mexico west of the Rio Grande Valley, except for the Organ Mountains, and eastern and central Arizona from the White Mountains south to Mount Graham and northwestward across the Mogollon Rim in Coconino and Yavapai counties. Oenothera neomexicana had been assumed to be self-incompatible (W. L. Wagner et al. 2007), but K. E. Theiss et al. (2010) determined one population sampled to be consistently self-compatible.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Oenothera toumeyi occurs locally from the Chiricahua, Huachuca, and Santa Rita mountains in Cochise and Santa Cruz counties, Arizona, and the Mogollon Mountains in southern Catron County, New Mexico, south through northeastern Sonora in the Sierra Madre Occidental to west-central Chihuahua. H. F. Towner (1977) found that O. toumeyi is self-incompatible and vespertine.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Anogra Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Calylophus > subsect. Salpingia
Sibling taxa
O. acutissima, O. albicaulis, O. argillicola, O. arida, O. arizonica, O. biennis, O. boquillensis, O. brachycarpa, O. calcicola, O. californica, O. canescens, O. capillifolia, O. cavernae, O. cespitosa, O. cinerea, O. clelandii, O. coloradensis, O. cordata, O. coronopifolia, O. coryi, O. curtiflora, O. curtissii, O. deltoides, O. demareei, O. dodgeniana, O. drummondii, O. elata, O. engelmannii, O. falfurriae, O. filiformis, O. filipes, O. flava, O. fruticosa, O. gaura, O. gayleana, O. glaucifolia, O. glazioviana, O. grandiflora, O. grandis, O. harringtonii, O. hartwegii, O. havardii, O. heterophylla, O. hispida, O. howardii, O. humifusa, O. jamesii, O. kunthiana, O. laciniata, O. lavandulifolia, O. lindheimeri, O. linifolia, O. longissima, O. macrocarpa, O. mckelveyae, O. mexicana, O. nealleyi, O. nutans, O. nuttallii, O. oakesiana, O. organensis, O. pallida, O. parviflora, O. patriciae, O. perennis, O. pilosella, O. platanorum, O. podocarpa, O. primiveris, O. psammophila, O. pubescens, O. rhombipetala, O. riparia, O. rosea, O. serrulata, O. sessilis, O. simulans, O. sinuosa, O. spachiana, O. speciosa, O. stricta, O. suffrutescens, O. suffulta, O. tetraptera, O. texensis, O. toumeyi, O. triangulata, O. triloba, O. tubicula, O. villosa, O. wolfii, O. xylocarpa
O. acutissima, O. albicaulis, O. argillicola, O. arida, O. arizonica, O. biennis, O. boquillensis, O. brachycarpa, O. calcicola, O. californica, O. canescens, O. capillifolia, O. cavernae, O. cespitosa, O. cinerea, O. clelandii, O. coloradensis, O. cordata, O. coronopifolia, O. coryi, O. curtiflora, O. curtissii, O. deltoides, O. demareei, O. dodgeniana, O. drummondii, O. elata, O. engelmannii, O. falfurriae, O. filiformis, O. filipes, O. flava, O. fruticosa, O. gaura, O. gayleana, O. glaucifolia, O. glazioviana, O. grandiflora, O. grandis, O. harringtonii, O. hartwegii, O. havardii, O. heterophylla, O. hispida, O. howardii, O. humifusa, O. jamesii, O. kunthiana, O. laciniata, O. lavandulifolia, O. lindheimeri, O. linifolia, O. longissima, O. macrocarpa, O. mckelveyae, O. mexicana, O. nealleyi, O. neomexicana, O. nutans, O. nuttallii, O. oakesiana, O. organensis, O. pallida, O. parviflora, O. patriciae, O. perennis, O. pilosella, O. platanorum, O. podocarpa, O. primiveris, O. psammophila, O. pubescens, O. rhombipetala, O. riparia, O. rosea, O. serrulata, O. sessilis, O. simulans, O. sinuosa, O. spachiana, O. speciosa, O. stricta, O. suffrutescens, O. suffulta, O. tetraptera, O. texensis, O. triangulata, O. triloba, O. tubicula, O. villosa, O. wolfii, O. xylocarpa
Synonyms Anogra neomexicana Galpinsia toumeyi, Calylophus hartwegii subsp. toumeyi, C. hartwegii var. toumeyi, C. toumeyi, O. hartwegii var. toumeyi
Name authority (Small) Munz: Amer. J. Bot. 18: 317. (1931) (Small) Tidestrom: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 48: 41. (1935)
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