Oenothera macrocarpa subsp. macrocarpa |
Oenothera macrocarpa subsp. fremontii |
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bigfruit evening primrose |
Fremont's evening primrose |
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Habit | Herbs strigillose and glandular puberulent distally. | Herbs densely strigillose. |
Stems | several, unbranched, sometimes with shorter secondary branches, 10–40(–60) cm. |
numerous, with numerous short secondary branches, 3–30 cm. |
Leaves | green, younger ones grayish green, (6–)8–12(–14.5) × 0.4–2.3(–3) cm; blade often lanceolate-elliptic to broadly elliptic, sometimes linear or lanceolate, margins usually flat, sometimes undulate, entire or inconspicuously denticulate, apex acute. |
gray, (2.8–)3.7–11 × 0.1–0.6(–1.5) cm; blade linear to narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate or narrowly oblanceolate, margins flat, entire or inconspicuously denticulate, apex acute. |
Flowers | buds with unequal free tips (4–)8–10(–12) mm; floral tube (78–)95–115(–140) mm; sepals (45–)50–65(–75) mm; petals (40–)50–65(–68) mm; filaments (25–)30–40(–44) mm, anthers (15–)17–24 mm; style (120–)135–160(–190) mm. |
buds with unequal free tips 1–2(–5) mm; floral tube (21–)35–65(–80) mm; sepals (20–)25–30(–37) mm; petals (17–)25–33(–37) mm; filaments 13–18 mm, anthers 10–12 mm; style (45–)55–80(–98) mm. |
Capsules | ovoid, narrowly ovoid, narrowly lanceoloid to broadly ellipsoid, or subglobose, not twisted, wings (14–)18–34 mm wide, body 52–70(–115) × 7–8 mm. |
ellipsoid to narrowly ellipsoid, often twisted, wings 2–5(–9) mm wide, body 13–30(–65) × 2–6 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera macrocarpa subsp. macrocarpa |
Oenothera macrocarpa subsp. fremontii |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun(Sep). | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Rocky, clay, alkaline soil, unglaciated prairies, glades, bluffs, open prairie hillsides, disturbed sites, limestone or dolomite. | Rocky soil derived from fine-textured sandstone, shale or chalk on rocky hillsides, bluffs, badlands. |
Elevation | 100–500 m. (300–1600 ft.) | 400–900 m. (1300–3000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AR; IL; KS; MO; NE; OK; TN; TX |
KS; NE |
Discussion | Subspecies macrocarpa is known from three disjunct areas: southeastern Nebraska, eastern half of Kansas, Craig and Washington counties, Oklahoma, east to Missouri south of the Missouri River and St. Clair County, Illinois, and to the northern tier of counties in Arkansas; glades near Murfreesboro, Rutherford County, Tennessee; and Blackland Prairies, Cross Timbers and eastern Edwards Plateau, from Bryan, Johnston, and Pontotoc counties, Oklahoma, southwest to Bexar, Coke, Kerr, and McCulloch counties, Texas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies fremontii occurs from Franklin and Webster counties in south-central Nebraska south into Kansas to Ellsworth, Hodgeman, and Logan counties; also with disjunct locations in Antelope and Cedar counties in northeastern Nebraska, and Barber County in south-central Kansas. Some specimens from the eastern part of the range, where subsp. fremontii and subsp. macrocarpa are sympatric, appear intermediate between the two subspecies and are difficult to assign. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Megapterium missourense, O. macrocarpa var. missourensis, O. missourensis, O. missourensis var. latifolia | O. fremontii, Megapterium fremontii |
Name authority | unknown | (S. Watson) W. L. Wagner: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 194. (1983) |
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