Oenothera linifolia |
Onagraceae subfam. onagroideae |
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threadleaf evening-primrose, threadleaf sundrop |
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Habit | Herbs annual, caulescent, strigillose or glabrous, also often glandular puberulent, especially distally; from a sparsely branched taproot. | |
Stems | unbranched or with many ascending branches arising near base, erect, 10–50 cm. |
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Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 1–2(–4) × 0.2–0.6 cm, petiole 0.2–1(–1.5) cm, blade ovate to obovate or narrowly elliptic; cauline 1–4 × less than 0.1 cm, sessile, blade linear or filiform. |
stipules present or absent. |
Flowers | usually 1–3 opening per day near sunrise; buds without free tips; sepals 1.5–2 mm; petals bright yellow, fading pink, obcordate to obovate, 3–5(–7) mm; filaments 1–2 mm, anthers 0.5–1 mm; style 1–2 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
floral tube present or, rarely, absent; sepals 2 or 4 (very rarely 3), deciduous with floral tube, petals, and stamens; petals yellow, white, pink, red, rarely in combination. |
Capsules | ellipsoid-rhombic to subglobose, 4-angled, 4–6(–10) × 1.5–3 mm, stipe 0–4 mm, valve midrib raised at distal end, indehiscent or tardily dehiscent distally; sessile. |
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Seeds | clustered in each locule, ovoid, surface minutely papillose, 1 × 0.5 mm. |
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x |
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2n | = 14. |
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Oenothera linifolia |
Onagraceae subfam. onagroideae |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun(–Aug). | |
Habitat | Prairies, open woodlands, open rocky and sandy sites, roadsides. | |
Elevation | 0–400 m. (0–1300 ft.) | |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX
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North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Eurasia; Pacific Islands (New Zealand, Society Islands); Australia |
Discussion | Kneiffia linearifolia Spach (1835) is an illegitimate name based on Oenothera linifolia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Genera 21, species 582 (16 genera, 246 species in the flora). Onagroideae encompass the main lineage of the family, after the early branching of Ludwigia (R. A. Levin et al. 2003, 2004). This large and diverse lineage is distinguished by the presence of a floral tube beyond the apex of the ovary; sepals deciduous with the floral tube, petals, and stamens; pollen shed in monads (or tetrads in Chylismia sect. Lignothera and all but one species of Epilobium); ovular vascular system exclusively transseptal (R. H. Eyde 1981); ovule archesporium multicellular (H. Tobe and P. H. Raven 1996); and change in base chromosome number from x = 8 in Ludwigia to x = 10 or x = 11 at the base of Onagroideae (Raven 1979; Levin et al. 2003). Molecular work (Levin et al. 2003, 2004) substantially supports the traditional tribal classification (P. A. Munz 1965; Raven 1979, 1988); tribes are recognized to delimit major branches within the phylogeny of Onagroideae, where the branches comprise strongly supported monophyletic groups of one or more genera. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Peniophyllum | Onagraceae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Kneiffia linifolia, O. linifolia var. glandulosa, Peniophyllum linifolium | |
Name authority | Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 2: 120. (1821) | W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 41. (2007) |
Web links |