Oenothera linifolia |
Oenothera tetraptera |
|
---|---|---|
threadleaf evening-primrose, threadleaf sundrop |
fourwing evening-primrose |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, caulescent, strigillose or glabrous, also often glandular puberulent, especially distally; from a sparsely branched taproot. | Herbs annual or perennial, strigillose and also hirsute; from a slender taproot. |
Stems | unbranched or with many ascending branches arising near base, erect, 10–50 cm. |
15–50 cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 1–2(–4) × 0.2–0.6 cm, petiole 0.2–1(–1.5) cm, blade ovate to obovate or narrowly elliptic; cauline 1–4 × less than 0.1 cm, sessile, blade linear or filiform. |
2.5–10 × 0.6–2.5 cm; petiole 0.2–2.2 cm; blade usually lanceolate to oblanceolate, sometimes elliptic, margins weakly serrate to sinuate-pinnatifid. |
Flowers | usually 1–3 opening per day near sunrise; buds without free tips; sepals 1.5–2 mm; petals bright yellow, fading pink, obcordate to obovate, 3–5(–7) mm; filaments 1–2 mm, anthers 0.5–1 mm; style 1–2 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
1–3 opening per day near sunset; buds with free tips 0.5–3 mm; floral tube 10–30 mm; sepals 20–40 mm; petals white, fading pink, 20–43 mm; filaments 12–18 mm, anthers 5–10 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 19–67 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | ellipsoid-rhombic to subglobose, 4-angled, 4–6(–10) × 1.5–3 mm, stipe 0–4 mm, valve midrib raised at distal end, indehiscent or tardily dehiscent distally; sessile. |
broadly clavate or obovoid, 20–51 × 5–7 mm, winged, wings 2–4 mm, valve surface with prominent midrib, proximal stipe 8–45 mm; sessile. |
Seeds | clustered in each locule, ovoid, surface minutely papillose, 1 × 0.5 mm. |
narrowly obovoid, 1–1.5 × 0.5–0.7 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera linifolia |
Oenothera tetraptera |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun(–Aug). | Flowering Feb–May. |
Habitat | Prairies, open woodlands, open rocky and sandy sites, roadsides. | Alluvial flats, open areas, sandy soil, weedy sites. |
Elevation | 0–400 m. (0–1300 ft.) | 10–300[–2000] m. (0–1000[–6600] ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX
|
TX; Mexico; Central America; West Indies (Jamaica); n South America [Introduced widely in temperate Europe, Asia, s Africa, Australia]
|
Discussion | Kneiffia linearifolia Spach (1835) is an illegitimate name based on Oenothera linifolia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In the flora area, Oenothera tetraptera is known only from southern Texas. Oenothera tetraptera presumably has become naturalized in South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela), West Indies (Jamaica), Europe, Asia, South Africa, and Australia. Oenothera candida Dumont Courset is a superfluous name, as is O. candida Bellardi ex Colla, and they both pertain here. The name Hartmannia macrantha Spach is illegitimate and pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Peniophyllum | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Leucocoryne |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Kneiffia linifolia, O. linifolia var. glandulosa, Peniophyllum linifolium | Hartmannia latiflora, H. tetraptera, O. latiflora, O. tetraptera var. immutabilis, Xylopleurum tetrapterum |
Name authority | Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 2: 120. (1821) | Cavanilles: Icon. 3: 40, plate 279. (1796) |
Web links |