Oenothera linifolia |
Oenothera speciosa |
|
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threadleaf evening-primrose, threadleaf sundrop |
Mexican evening primrose, pinkladies, showy evening primrose |
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Habit | Herbs annual, caulescent, strigillose or glabrous, also often glandular puberulent, especially distally; from a sparsely branched taproot. | Herbs perennial, caulescent, glabrate to strigillose, usually also sparsely hirsute; from slender taproot and spreading by rhizomes. |
Stems | unbranched or with many ascending branches arising near base, erect, 10–50 cm. |
many, erect, 4–60 cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 1–2(–4) × 0.2–0.6 cm, petiole 0.2–1(–1.5) cm, blade ovate to obovate or narrowly elliptic; cauline 1–4 × less than 0.1 cm, sessile, blade linear or filiform. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 2–9 × 0.3–3.2 cm, blade oblanceolate to obovate, margins subentire or sinuate-pinnatifid; cauline 1–10 × 0.3–3.5 cm, blade narrowly elliptic to ovate, margins subentire or serrulate to sinuate-pinnatifid. |
Inflorescences | sharply nodding. |
|
Flowers | usually 1–3 opening per day near sunrise; buds without free tips; sepals 1.5–2 mm; petals bright yellow, fading pink, obcordate to obovate, 3–5(–7) mm; filaments 1–2 mm, anthers 0.5–1 mm; style 1–2 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
1–3 opening per day near sunrise in some populations, near sunset in others; buds with free tips 0–4 mm; floral tube 12–25 mm; sepals 15–50 mm; petals pink to rose, fading darker, or white, fading pink, 15–45 mm; filaments 10–22 mm, anthers 6–16 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 20–55 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | ellipsoid-rhombic to subglobose, 4-angled, 4–6(–10) × 1.5–3 mm, stipe 0–4 mm, valve midrib raised at distal end, indehiscent or tardily dehiscent distally; sessile. |
narrowly obovoid to narrowly rhombic-ellipsoid, angled, 10–25 × 3.5–6 mm, apex attenuate to a sterile beak, valve midrib prominent, proximal stipe cylindrical, not tapering to base, (4–)8–15 mm; sessile. |
Seeds | clustered in each locule, ovoid, surface minutely papillose, 1 × 0.5 mm. |
narrowly obovoid, 1–1.2 × 0.5–0.6 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14, 28, 42. |
Oenothera linifolia |
Oenothera speciosa |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun(–Aug). | Flowering (Feb–)Apr–Jul(–Oct). |
Habitat | Prairies, open woodlands, open rocky and sandy sites, roadsides. | Grasslands, glades, open woodlands, disturbed places, pastures, railroads, roadsides, loamy or sandy soil, sometimes clay. |
Elevation | 0–400 m. (0–1300 ft.) | 10–900 m. (0–3000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX
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AR; IA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MO; NE; NM; OK; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas)
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Discussion | Kneiffia linearifolia Spach (1835) is an illegitimate name based on Oenothera linifolia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera speciosa is widely cultivated worldwide for its showy flowers and easy maintenance. It is not known to be definitely naturalized, but tends to persist or become adventive due to its aggressive vegetative reproduction. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Peniophyllum | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Hartmannia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Kneiffia linifolia, O. linifolia var. glandulosa, Peniophyllum linifolium | Hartmannia berlandieri, H. reverchonii, O. berlandieri, O. delessertiana, O. hirsuta, O. obtusifolia, O. shimekii, O. spachii, O. speciosa var. berlandieri, O. speciosa var. childsii, O. tetraptera var. childsii, Xylopleurum berlandieri, X. drummondii, X. hirsutum, X. obtusifolium, X. speciosum |
Name authority | Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 2: 120. (1821) | Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 2: 119. (1821) |
Web links |