Oenothera linifolia |
Oenothera longissima |
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threadleaf evening-primrose, threadleaf sundrop |
long evening primrose, long-stem evening-primrose |
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Habit | Herbs annual, caulescent, strigillose or glabrous, also often glandular puberulent, especially distally; from a sparsely branched taproot. | Herbs biennial or short-lived perennial, sparsely strigillose, sometimes also villous and with pustulate hairs near inflorescence, sometimes also glandular puberulent. |
Stems | unbranched or with many ascending branches arising near base, erect, 10–50 cm. |
erect, usually flushed with red proximally or sometimes green, unbranched or with branches obliquely arising from base, secondary branches arising from main stem, 60–300 cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 1–2(–4) × 0.2–0.6 cm, petiole 0.2–1(–1.5) cm, blade ovate to obovate or narrowly elliptic; cauline 1–4 × less than 0.1 cm, sessile, blade linear or filiform. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 9–40 × 1.4–5 cm, cauline 5–22 × 0.8–2.5 cm; blade dull green, flat, narrowly oblanceolate, oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, or narrowly lanceolate, margins bluntly dentate or subentire, teeth widely spaced; bracts persistent. |
Inflorescences | open, erect, unbranched. |
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Flowers | usually 1–3 opening per day near sunrise; buds without free tips; sepals 1.5–2 mm; petals bright yellow, fading pink, obcordate to obovate, 3–5(–7) mm; filaments 1–2 mm, anthers 0.5–1 mm; style 1–2 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
opening near sunset; buds erect, 5–9 mm diam., with free tips terminal, erect, 2–6 mm; floral tube deciduous after anthesis, 60–135 mm; sepals yellowish green, flushed with some red or red to dark red throughout, 25–55 mm; petals yellow to pale yellow, fading orange or pale yellow, very broadly obcordate, 28–65 mm; filaments 20–40 mm, anthers 14–20 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 90–180 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | ellipsoid-rhombic to subglobose, 4-angled, 4–6(–10) × 1.5–3 mm, stipe 0–4 mm, valve midrib raised at distal end, indehiscent or tardily dehiscent distally; sessile. |
erect or slightly spreading, dull green or gray-green when dry, narrowly lanceoloid, 25–55 × 4–9 mm, free tips of valves 1–2(–3) mm. |
Seeds | clustered in each locule, ovoid, surface minutely papillose, 1 × 0.5 mm. |
1–1.9 × 0.6–1.2 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera linifolia |
Oenothera longissima |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun(–Aug). | Flowering Jul–Sep(–Oct). |
Habitat | Prairies, open woodlands, open rocky and sandy sites, roadsides. | Seasonally moist sites, sandy or sandy-loam soil, sites with high alkalinity or associated with limestone, along desert washes, streams, seeps, roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–400 m. (0–1300 ft.) | 800–2800 m. (2600–9200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX
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AZ; CA; CO; NM; NV; UT
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Discussion | Kneiffia linearifolia Spach (1835) is an illegitimate name based on Oenothera linifolia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera longissima has plastome I and a AA genome composition. Oenothera longissima is known from northern and western Arizona, Inyo, Los Angeles, and San Bernardino counties in California, Delta and Montezuma counties in Colorado, eastern Nevada, San Juan County in New Mexico, and southern Utah. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Peniophyllum | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Oenothera > subsect. Oenothera |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Kneiffia linifolia, O. linifolia var. glandulosa, Peniophyllum linifolium | O. clutei, O. longissima subsp. clutei, O. longissima var. clutei |
Name authority | Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 2: 120. (1821) | Rydberg: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 65. (1913) |
Web links |