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threadleaf evening-primrose, threadleaf sundrop

royal evening primrose

Habit Herbs annual, caulescent, strigillose or glabrous, also often glandular puberulent, especially distally; from a sparsely branched taproot. Herbs annual, moderately to sparsely strigillose and villous, sometimes glandular puberulent distally.
Stems

unbranched or with many ascending branches arising near base, erect, 10–50 cm.

erect to ascending, usually unbranched, 10–40 cm.

Leaves

in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 1–2(–4) × 0.2–0.6 cm, petiole 0.2–1(–1.5) cm, blade ovate to obovate or narrowly elliptic;

cauline 1–4 × less than 0.1 cm, sessile, blade linear or filiform.

in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 5–12 ×1.3–3.5 cm, cauline 2–8.5 ×1–3 cm;

blade green, narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or narrowly lanceolate, margins usually dentate to pinnatifid, sometimes subentire;

bracts spreading, flat.

Flowers

usually 1–3 opening per day near sunrise;

buds without free tips;

sepals 1.5–2 mm;

petals bright yellow, fading pink, obcordate to obovate, 3–5(–7) mm;

filaments 1–2 mm, anthers 0.5–1 mm;

style 1–2 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis.

usually 1 opening per day near sunset;

buds erect, with free tips erect, 0.5–2 mm;

floral tube 25–40 mm;

sepals 10–22 mm;

petals yellow, fading orange or reddish tinged, broadly obovate or shallowly obcordate, 13–25 mm;

filaments 10–17 mm, anthers 4–5 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile;

style 35–50 mm, stigma slightly exserted beyond anthers at anthesis.

Capsules

ellipsoid-rhombic to subglobose, 4-angled, 4–6(–10) × 1.5–3 mm, stipe 0–4 mm, valve midrib raised at distal end, indehiscent or tardily dehiscent distally;

sessile.

cylindrical, sometimes slightly enlarged toward apex, 20–45 × 2–2.5 mm.

Seeds

clustered in each locule, ovoid, surface minutely papillose, 1 × 0.5 mm.

ellipsoid, 0.8–1.4 × 0.3–0.6 mm.

2n

= 14.

= 14.

Oenothera linifolia

Oenothera falfurriae

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jun(–Aug). Flowering Apr–Aug.
Habitat Prairies, open woodlands, open rocky and sandy sites, roadsides. Open, sandy sites.
Elevation 0–400 m. (0–1300 ft.) 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Kneiffia linearifolia Spach (1835) is an illegitimate name based on Oenothera linifolia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Oenothera falfurriae is known only from southeastern Texas (Aransas, Brazos, Brooks, Cameron, Frio, Harris, Hidalgo, Jim Hogg, Jim Wells, Kenedy, Kleberg, Maverick, Nueces, Refugio, Starr, Val Verde, Victoria, Webb, Willacy, Wilson, and Zapata counties). It is self-compatible and autogamous, but not a PTH species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Peniophyllum Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Oenothera > subsect. Raimannia
Sibling taxa
O. acutissima, O. albicaulis, O. argillicola, O. arida, O. arizonica, O. biennis, O. boquillensis, O. brachycarpa, O. calcicola, O. californica, O. canescens, O. capillifolia, O. cavernae, O. cespitosa, O. cinerea, O. clelandii, O. coloradensis, O. cordata, O. coronopifolia, O. coryi, O. curtiflora, O. curtissii, O. deltoides, O. demareei, O. dodgeniana, O. drummondii, O. elata, O. engelmannii, O. falfurriae, O. filiformis, O. filipes, O. flava, O. fruticosa, O. gaura, O. gayleana, O. glaucifolia, O. glazioviana, O. grandiflora, O. grandis, O. harringtonii, O. hartwegii, O. havardii, O. heterophylla, O. hispida, O. howardii, O. humifusa, O. jamesii, O. kunthiana, O. laciniata, O. lavandulifolia, O. lindheimeri, O. longissima, O. macrocarpa, O. mckelveyae, O. mexicana, O. nealleyi, O. neomexicana, O. nutans, O. nuttallii, O. oakesiana, O. organensis, O. pallida, O. parviflora, O. patriciae, O. perennis, O. pilosella, O. platanorum, O. podocarpa, O. primiveris, O. psammophila, O. pubescens, O. rhombipetala, O. riparia, O. rosea, O. serrulata, O. sessilis, O. simulans, O. sinuosa, O. spachiana, O. speciosa, O. stricta, O. suffrutescens, O. suffulta, O. tetraptera, O. texensis, O. toumeyi, O. triangulata, O. triloba, O. tubicula, O. villosa, O. wolfii, O. xylocarpa
O. acutissima, O. albicaulis, O. argillicola, O. arida, O. arizonica, O. biennis, O. boquillensis, O. brachycarpa, O. calcicola, O. californica, O. canescens, O. capillifolia, O. cavernae, O. cespitosa, O. cinerea, O. clelandii, O. coloradensis, O. cordata, O. coronopifolia, O. coryi, O. curtiflora, O. curtissii, O. deltoides, O. demareei, O. dodgeniana, O. drummondii, O. elata, O. engelmannii, O. filiformis, O. filipes, O. flava, O. fruticosa, O. gaura, O. gayleana, O. glaucifolia, O. glazioviana, O. grandiflora, O. grandis, O. harringtonii, O. hartwegii, O. havardii, O. heterophylla, O. hispida, O. howardii, O. humifusa, O. jamesii, O. kunthiana, O. laciniata, O. lavandulifolia, O. lindheimeri, O. linifolia, O. longissima, O. macrocarpa, O. mckelveyae, O. mexicana, O. nealleyi, O. neomexicana, O. nutans, O. nuttallii, O. oakesiana, O. organensis, O. pallida, O. parviflora, O. patriciae, O. perennis, O. pilosella, O. platanorum, O. podocarpa, O. primiveris, O. psammophila, O. pubescens, O. rhombipetala, O. riparia, O. rosea, O. serrulata, O. sessilis, O. simulans, O. sinuosa, O. spachiana, O. speciosa, O. stricta, O. suffrutescens, O. suffulta, O. tetraptera, O. texensis, O. toumeyi, O. triangulata, O. triloba, O. tubicula, O. villosa, O. wolfii, O. xylocarpa
Synonyms Kneiffia linifolia, O. linifolia var. glandulosa, Peniophyllum linifolium
Name authority Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 2: 120. (1821) W. Dietrich & W. L. Wagner: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 74: 149. (1987)
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