Oenothera lindheimeri |
Oenothera organensis |
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Lindheimer's beeblossom |
Organ Mountain evening primrose |
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Habit | Herbs clumped perennial, villous, usually more densely so proximally, hairs erect or ± appressed on leaf blades, also glandular puberulent distally, rarely glabrate; from taproot. | Herbs perennial, moderately hirsute (hairs often with reddish purple, pustulate bases), alsostrigillose and becoming glandular puberulent distally; initially from slender taproot with single rosette, later developing numerous adventitious shoots from taproot and lateral roots, root system then appearing fibrous. |
Stems | many from base, ascending or erect, usually branched, 50–150 cm. |
weakly erect to ascending, many from base, forming clumps 1–1.5 m diam., often branched distally, 30–60 cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, 0.5–9 × 0. |
in a weakly developed basal rosette and cauline, basal 9–23 × 1–2.5 cm, cauline 5–11 × 1.5–3.5 cm; petiole 0.5–1.5 cm; blade very narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, margins undulate, remotely and bluntly dentate. |
Flowers | 4-merous, zygomorphic, opening at sunrise; floral tube 4–9 mm; sepals 9–17 mm; petals white, fading light or deep pink, rhombic-obovate to elliptic, 10–15 mm; filaments 7–12 mm, anthers 3.5–4.5 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 16–27 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
opening near sunset, not strongly scented; buds with free tips terminal, erect, 3–10 mm; floral tube straight, 100–165(–190) mm; sepals 25–50 mm; petals yellow, fading deep reddish orange, broadly obovate with truncate apex, or obcordate, 30–55 mm; filaments 18–35 mm, anthers 10–19 mm; style 140–235 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | ellipsoid or ovoid, 4-angled, 6–9 × 2–3.5 mm; sessile. |
erect to slightly spreading at acute angle from stem, cylindrical, 25–35 ×4–5.5 mm, dehiscent at least 3/4 their length. |
Seeds | 1–4, yellowish to light brown, 2–3 × 1–1.5 mm. |
numerous, in 2 distinct rows per locule, dark reddish brown, sometimes with darker flecks, obovoid, asymmetrical, irregularly angled, 1.5–2.1 × 1–1.2 mm, surface irregularly pitted and with collapsed papillae. |
1 | –1.3 cm; blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblanceolate, margins coarsely and remotely serrate. |
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2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera lindheimeri |
Oenothera organensis |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul(–Oct). | Flowering Jun–Sep. |
Habitat | Black soil in coastal prairies. | In larger rhyolite canyons, along water courses, in eroded basins filled with gravel and rocks. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 1800–2300 m. (5900–7500 ft.) |
Distribution |
LA; TX |
NM |
Discussion | Oenothera lindheimeri has a fairly narrow distribution and occurs only in Acadia, Allen, Beauregard, Calcasieu, Jefferson Davis, Lafayette, St. Mary, Tangipahoa, and Vermillion parishes in Louisiana, and Brazoria, Brazos, Chambers, Fort Bend, Galveston, Hardin, Harris, Jasper, Jefferson, Liberty, Orange, Victoria, and Victoria counties in Texas. P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) found Oenothera lindheimeri to be self-incompatible. It occasionally forms hybrids with O. filiformis. This species is widely cultivated and has many different cultivars. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera organensis is known only from the Organ Mountains, Doña Ana County, especially on the east side. Various studies have been done to assess the status of this narrow endemic and estimate 2000 to 5000 individuals with wide fluctuations likely due to variation in rainfall (W. Dietrich et al. 1985). Oenothera organensis could decline if degradation of habitat increases in the Organ Mountains. The genetics and population biology of this taxon have been heavily studied in the past (summarized in Dietrich et al.). It is self-incompatible. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gaura lindheimeri, G. filiformis var. munzii | O. macrosiphon |
Name authority | (Engelmann & A. Gray) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 213. (2007) | Munz ex S. Emerson: Genetics 23: 190. (1938) |
Web links |