Oenothera lindheimeri |
Oenothera jamesii |
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Lindheimer's beeblossom |
trumpet evening primrose |
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Habit | Herbs clumped perennial, villous, usually more densely so proximally, hairs erect or ± appressed on leaf blades, also glandular puberulent distally, rarely glabrate; from taproot. | Herbs biennial or winter-annual, usually predominately and densely strigillose, sometimes also villous with scattered, appressed hairs, rarely with a few pustulate hairs, inflorescence sometimes also glandular puberulent. |
Stems | many from base, ascending or erect, usually branched, 50–150 cm. |
erect, usually green, rarely flushed with red, unbranched or with branches arising obliquely from rosette and secondary branches arising from main stem, 60–180 cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, 0.5–9 × 0. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 10–30 × 2.5–5 cm, cauline 4–20 × 1–5 cm; blade dull green, flat, narrowly oblanceolate, oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, or narrowly lanceolate, margins bluntly dentate or subentire, teeth widely spaced; bracts persistent. |
Inflorescences | erect, usually unbranched, rarely with few lateral branches. |
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Flowers | 4-merous, zygomorphic, opening at sunrise; floral tube 4–9 mm; sepals 9–17 mm; petals white, fading light or deep pink, rhombic-obovate to elliptic, 10–15 mm; filaments 7–12 mm, anthers 3.5–4.5 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 16–27 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
opening near sunset; buds erect, 7–12 mm diam., with free tips terminal, erect, 0.5–3 mm; floral tube persistent on ovary after anthesis, (60–)80–120(–160) mm; sepals yellowish green, red-striped to red throughout, 30–55 mm; petals yellow, fading orange or pale yellow, very broadly obcordate, 40–50 mm; filaments 23–30 mm, anthers 12–22 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 90–170(–200) mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | ellipsoid or ovoid, 4-angled, 6–9 × 2–3.5 mm; sessile. |
erect or slightly spreading, dull green or gray-green when dry, narrowly lanceoloid, 20–50 × 6–12 mm, free tips of valves 2.5–5 mm. |
Seeds | 1–4, yellowish to light brown, 2–3 × 1–1.5 mm. |
1–1.2 × 0.7–1.3 mm. |
1 | –1.3 cm; blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblanceolate, margins coarsely and remotely serrate. |
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2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera lindheimeri |
Oenothera jamesii |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul(–Oct). | Flowering Jul–Sep(–Oct). |
Habitat | Black soil in coastal prairies. | Sandy stream banks, ditches, moist areas, cultivated areas, disturbed roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | (30–)300–1800 m. ((100–)1000–5900 ft.) |
Distribution |
LA; TX |
KS; OK; TX; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Puebla) [Introduced in e Asia (Japan), s Africa, Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands)] |
Discussion | Oenothera lindheimeri has a fairly narrow distribution and occurs only in Acadia, Allen, Beauregard, Calcasieu, Jefferson Davis, Lafayette, St. Mary, Tangipahoa, and Vermillion parishes in Louisiana, and Brazoria, Brazos, Chambers, Fort Bend, Galveston, Hardin, Harris, Jasper, Jefferson, Liberty, Orange, Victoria, and Victoria counties in Texas. P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) found Oenothera lindheimeri to be self-incompatible. It occasionally forms hybrids with O. filiformis. This species is widely cultivated and has many different cultivars. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera jamesii has plastome I and a AA genome composition; it is known in the flora area from southern Kansas (Clark County), central Oklahoma, and Texas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gaura lindheimeri, G. filiformis var. munzii | Onagra jamesii, O. communis var. jamesii |
Name authority | (Engelmann & A. Gray) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 213. (2007) | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 493. (1840) |
Web links |