Oenothera laciniata |
Oenothera texensis |
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cut-leaf evening-primrose, southern evening primrose |
Texas evening primrose |
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Habit | Herbs annual, sparsely to moderately strigillose, sometimes also villous, sometimes also becoming glandular puberulent distally. | Herbs perennial, caulescent, strigillose and also sparsely hirsute; from slender taproot. |
Stems | erect to ascending, unbranched to much branched, 5–50 cm. |
several–many, ascending, unbranched or branched, 25–50 cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 4–15 × 1–3 cm, cauline 2–10 × 0.5–3.5 cm; blade green, narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, margins usually dentate or deeply lobed; bracts spreading, flat. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal (1–)2.5–6.5 × 0.6–2.3 cm, blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly ovate or ovate, margins weakly serrulate to sinuate-pinnatifid; cauline 1–5.5 × 0.6–2 cm, blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly ovate, margins weakly serrulate. |
Inflorescences | erect. |
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Flowers | usually 1 opening per day near sunset; buds erect, with free tips erect, 0.3–3 mm; floral tube 12–35 mm; sepals 5–15 mm; petals yellow, fading orange or reddish tinged, broadly obovate or obcordate, 5–22 mm; filaments 3–14 mm, anthers 4–5 mm, pollen ca. 50% fertile; style 20–50 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
1–3 opening per day near sunrise; buds with free tips 0–1 mm; floral tube 15–26 mm; sepals 15–23 mm; petals rose purple, fading darker, 12–25(–30) mm; filaments 9–13 mm, anthers 3.5–6mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 26–36 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | cylindrical, sometimes slightly enlarged toward apex, 20–50 × 2–4 mm. |
clavate or narrowly obovoid, 9–15 × 3.5–6 mm, apex attenuate to a sterile beak, valve midrib prominent in distal part, proximal stipe 7–12(–28) mm, gradually taperingto base; sessile. |
Seeds | ellipsoid to subglobose, 0.9–1.8 × 0.4–0.9 mm. |
narrowly obovoid, 0.8–1 × 0.2–0.4 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera laciniata |
Oenothera texensis |
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Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Apr–Sep(–Oct). | Flowering May–Sep. |
Habitat | introduced nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas.. | Sandy and gravel bars of streambeds and along streams. |
Elevation | 0–1000(–1300) m. (0–3300(–4300) ft.) | 900–2500 m. (3000–8200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY [Introduced nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas]
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TX; Mexico (Coahuila, Tamaulipas) |
Discussion | Oenothera laciniata is a PTH species and forms aring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous (W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner 1988). Oenothera laciniata is known in New Mexico from Doña Ana and Roosevelt counties from non-montane habitats and thus do not appear to represent O. pubescens; however, a few collections from Brewster and Jeff Davis counties, Texas, reported by W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner (1988) as O. laciniata appear to represent collections of O. pubescens. Dietrich and Wagner found that O. laciniata hybridizes not only with O. grandis, but also with O. drummondii subsp. drummondii, O. humifusa, and O. mexicana. It is naturalized nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In the flora area, Oenothera texensis is known only from Jeff Davis County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Oenothera > subsect. Raimannia | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Hartmannia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. minima, O. repanda, O. sinuata, O. sinuata var. minima, Onagra sinuata, Raimannia laciniata | |
Name authority | Hill: Veg. Syst. 12(app.): 64, plate 10. (1767) | P. H. Raven & D. R. Parnell: Madroño 20: 247. (1970) |
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