Oenothera laciniata |
Oenothera patriciae |
|
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cut-leaf evening-primrose, southern evening primrose |
plains beeblossom |
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Habit | Herbs annual, sparsely to moderately strigillose, sometimes also villous, sometimes also becoming glandular puberulent distally. | Herbs annual, villous proximally, sparsely villous along leaf veins and on margins, usually glabrate or, sometimes, strigillose distally; from taproot. |
Stems | erect to ascending, unbranched to much branched, 5–50 cm. |
usually well-branched from base and distally, rarely unbranched, 15–65(–85) cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 4–15 × 1–3 cm, cauline 2–10 × 0.5–3.5 cm; blade green, narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, margins usually dentate or deeply lobed; bracts spreading, flat. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 6–9.5 × 1–2 cm, blade lyrate; cauline 1–7 × 0.1–2.3 cm, blade narrowly lanceolate to oblanceolate, margins shallowly sinuate-denticulate to subentire. |
Flowers | usually 1 opening per day near sunset; buds erect, with free tips erect, 0.3–3 mm; floral tube 12–35 mm; sepals 5–15 mm; petals yellow, fading orange or reddish tinged, broadly obovate or obcordate, 5–22 mm; filaments 3–14 mm, anthers 4–5 mm, pollen ca. 50% fertile; style 20–50 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
(3- or)4-merous, zygomorphic, opening at sunset; floral tube 6–12 mm; sepals 10–15 mm; petals white, fading pink to purple, elliptic-obovate, 8–13 mm; filaments 5–8 mm, anthers 2–4 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 15–24 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | cylindrical, sometimes slightly enlarged toward apex, 20–50 × 2–4 mm. |
ellipsoid, narrowly (3- or)4-winged, deeply furrowed between wings, 6–10 × 2–3 mm, with or without prominent lower corners, narrowed to a stipe 0–1 mm; sessile. |
Seeds | ellipsoid to subglobose, 0.9–1.8 × 0.4–0.9 mm. |
3 or 4, yellowish to reddish brown, 2–3 × 1–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera laciniata |
Oenothera patriciae |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Apr–Sep(–Oct). | Flowering Feb–Jun. |
Habitat | introduced nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas.. | Open, sandy sites. |
Elevation | 0–1000(–1300) m. (0–3300(–4300) ft.) | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY [Introduced nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas]
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LA; MS; OK; TX |
Discussion | Oenothera laciniata is a PTH species and forms aring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous (W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner 1988). Oenothera laciniata is known in New Mexico from Doña Ana and Roosevelt counties from non-montane habitats and thus do not appear to represent O. pubescens; however, a few collections from Brewster and Jeff Davis counties, Texas, reported by W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner (1988) as O. laciniata appear to represent collections of O. pubescens. Dietrich and Wagner found that O. laciniata hybridizes not only with O. grandis, but also with O. drummondii subsp. drummondii, O. humifusa, and O. mexicana. It is naturalized nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera patriciae is known from Acadia Parish, Louisiana, Amite County, Mississippi, Bryan and Love counties, Oklahoma, and eastern Texas. Reports of Oenothera patriciae near Tulsa, Oklahoma, and at the single locations in Arkansas and Mississippi may represent introductions. P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) determined O. patriciae to be self-compatible, but primarily outcrossing. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Oenothera > subsect. Raimannia | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gaura > subsect. Gaura |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. minima, O. repanda, O. sinuata, O. sinuata var. minima, Onagra sinuata, Raimannia laciniata | Gaura brachycarpa, G. hexandra var. coryi, G. tripetala var. coryi |
Name authority | Hill: Veg. Syst. 12(app.): 64, plate 10. (1767) | W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 213. (2007) |
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