Oenothera laciniata |
Oenothera mexicana |
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cut-leaf evening-primrose, southern evening primrose |
Mexican evening primrose |
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Habit | Herbs annual, sparsely to moderately strigillose, sometimes also villous, sometimes also becoming glandular puberulent distally. | Herbs annual, moderately to sparsely strigillose and densely long-villous, sometimes also becoming glandular puberulent distally. |
Stems | erect to ascending, unbranched to much branched, 5–50 cm. |
erect to ascending, usually unbranched, or with arcuate lateral branches arising from rosette, 15–40(–60) cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 4–15 × 1–3 cm, cauline 2–10 × 0.5–3.5 cm; blade green, narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, margins usually dentate or deeply lobed; bracts spreading, flat. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 6–10 × 1–2.5 cm, cauline 3–7.5 × 0.8–2 cm; blade usually grayish green, narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, margins deeply lobed, lobes usually dentate; bracts distalmost erect, revolute. |
Flowers | usually 1 opening per day near sunset; buds erect, with free tips erect, 0.3–3 mm; floral tube 12–35 mm; sepals 5–15 mm; petals yellow, fading orange or reddish tinged, broadly obovate or obcordate, 5–22 mm; filaments 3–14 mm, anthers 4–5 mm, pollen ca. 50% fertile; style 20–50 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
usually 1 opening per day near sunset; buds erect, with free tips erect or appressed, 0.5–2.5 mm; floral tube 23–28 mm; sepals 5–12 mm; petals yellow, fading orange, broadly obovate or shallowly obcordate, 6–15 mm; filaments 4–12 mm, anthers 3–4 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 27–40 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | cylindrical, sometimes slightly enlarged toward apex, 20–50 × 2–4 mm. |
cylindrical, sometimes slightly enlarged toward apex, 25–45 × 2.5–3 mm. |
Seeds | ellipsoid to subglobose, 0.9–1.8 × 0.4–0.9 mm. |
ellipsoid to subglobose, 0.8–1.2 × 0.3–0.5 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera laciniata |
Oenothera mexicana |
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Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Apr–Sep(–Oct). | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | introduced nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas.. | Open, sandy sites. |
Elevation | 0–1000(–1300) m. (0–3300(–4300) ft.) | 30–200 m. (100–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY [Introduced nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas]
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TX |
Discussion | Oenothera laciniata is a PTH species and forms aring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous (W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner 1988). Oenothera laciniata is known in New Mexico from Doña Ana and Roosevelt counties from non-montane habitats and thus do not appear to represent O. pubescens; however, a few collections from Brewster and Jeff Davis counties, Texas, reported by W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner (1988) as O. laciniata appear to represent collections of O. pubescens. Dietrich and Wagner found that O. laciniata hybridizes not only with O. grandis, but also with O. drummondii subsp. drummondii, O. humifusa, and O. mexicana. It is naturalized nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera mexicana is known only from southeastern Texas (Atascosa, Aransas, Bexar, Brooks, Burleson, De Witt, Frio, Gonzales, Kenedy, Medina, Newton, Refugio, San Patricio, Waller, and Washington counties). It is self-compatible and autogamous, but not a PTH species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Oenothera > subsect. Raimannia | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Oenothera > subsect. Raimannia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. minima, O. repanda, O. sinuata, O. sinuata var. minima, Onagra sinuata, Raimannia laciniata | O. laciniata var. mexicana, O. sinuata var. hirsuta, Raimannia mexicana |
Name authority | Hill: Veg. Syst. 12(app.): 64, plate 10. (1767) | Spach: Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 4: 347. (1836) |
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