Oenothera laciniata
Oenothera grandiflora
cut-leaf evening-primrose, southern evening primrose
large-flower evening-primrose
erect to ascending, unbranched to much branched, 5–50 cm.
erect, red on proximal parts, usually green on distal ones, rarely red throughout, unbranched or with branches obliquely arising from rosette and secondary branches arising from main stem, 100–300(–400) cm.
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 4–15 × 1–3 cm, cauline 2–10 × 0.5–3.5 cm;
blade green, narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, margins usually dentate or deeply lobed;
bracts spreading, flat.
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 18–32 × (2–)3–6.5 cm, cauline 6–20 × 1.5–6.5 cm;
blade soft and thin, bright green, usually flat, rarely undulate, narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, or narrowly elliptic to elliptic, sometimes narrowly ovate distally, margins bluntly dentate or subentire, teeth widely spaced, sometimes sinuate-dentate proximally or lobed;
bracts usually caducous.
erect, often with secondary or tertiary branches just proximal to main one.
usually 1 opening per day near sunset;
buds erect, with free tips erect, 0.3–3 mm;
floral tube 12–35 mm;
sepals 5–15 mm;
petals yellow, fading orange or reddish tinged, broadly obovate or obcordate, 5–22 mm;
filaments 3–14 mm, anthers 4–5 mm, pollen ca. 50% fertile;
style 20–50 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis.
opening near sunset;
buds erect, 5–9 mm diam., with free tips terminal, erect, 2–9 mm;
floral tube 35–55 mm;
sepals yellowish green or flushed with red, 22–46 mm;
petals yellow to pale yellow, fading pale yellowish white, very broadly obcordate or obovate, (25–)30–45 mm;
filaments 18–27 mm, anthers 10–15 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile;
style 57–90 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis.
cylindrical, sometimes slightly enlarged toward apex, 20–50 × 2–4 mm.
erect or slightly spreading, dull green when dry, narrowly lanceoloid to narrowly ovoid, 15–35 × 3.5–5.5 mm, free tips of valves 0.5–2.5 mm.
ellipsoid to subglobose, 0.9–1.8 × 0.4–0.9 mm.
1–1.7 × 0.6–1.2 mm.
= 14.
= 14.
Oenothera laciniata
Oenothera grandiflora
Oenothera laciniata is a PTH species and forms aring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous (W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner 1988).
Oenothera laciniata is known in New Mexico from Doña Ana and Roosevelt counties from non-montane habitats and thus do not appear to represent O. pubescens; however, a few collections from Brewster and Jeff Davis counties, Texas, reported by W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner (1988) as O. laciniata appear to represent collections of O. pubescens. Dietrich and Wagner found that O. laciniata hybridizes not only with O. grandis, but also with O. drummondii subsp. drummondii, O. humifusa, and O. mexicana. It is naturalized nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Oenothera grandiflora has a scattered distribution, from the eastern half of Mississippi and Alabama, east to Tennessee (Franklin and Marion counties), North Carolina (Cherokee, Macon, Martin, Moore, New Hanover, Sampson, and Swain counties), South Carolina (Oconee, Spartanburg, and Sumter counties), and Florida (Alachua, Escambia, Franklin, Lake, Leon, Polk, Putnam, and Santa Rosa counties). Collections from southern Canada, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and West Virginia almost certainly represent cultivated plants, garden escapes, or adventive populations, and the single locality from central Kentucky also may be an introduction; it is sometimes a colonizer in disturbed sites such as along roads.
Oenothera grandiflora has plastome III and a BB genome composition. As summarized by W. Dietrich et al. (1997), some populations of O. grandiflora seem to be entirely or mostly composed of self-incompatible individuals, whereas others consist of self-compatible plants. This is an extremely uncommon phenomenon within a single species of Oenothera; the only other species known to exhibit mixed populations of self-incompatible and self-compatible individuals is O. primiveris.
Oenothera grandiflora Lamarck 1798, being a later homonym of O. grandiflora L’Héritier 1789, pertains here.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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