Oenothera laciniata |
Oenothera arida |
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cut-leaf evening-primrose, southern evening primrose |
trans-Pecos beeblossom |
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Habit | Herbs annual, sparsely to moderately strigillose, sometimes also villous, sometimes also becoming glandular puberulent distally. | Herbs perennial, clumped, strigillose and glandular puberulent throughout, also sparsely villous; from stout roots. |
Stems | erect to ascending, unbranched to much branched, 5–50 cm. |
erect, usually branched several cm belowground or from near base, sometimes also branched distally, 20–60(–100) cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 4–15 × 1–3 cm, cauline 2–10 × 0.5–3.5 cm; blade green, narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, margins usually dentate or deeply lobed; bracts spreading, flat. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 2–4 × 0.4–0.8 cm, petiole0–0.4 cm, blade narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly spatulate; cauline 0.5–5 × 0.1–0.8 cm, petiole 0–0.3 cm, blade narrowly lanceolate or very narrowly elliptic, margins subentire or sinuate-denticulate. |
Flowers | usually 1 opening per day near sunset; buds erect, with free tips erect, 0.3–3 mm; floral tube 12–35 mm; sepals 5–15 mm; petals yellow, fading orange or reddish tinged, broadly obovate or obcordate, 5–22 mm; filaments 3–14 mm, anthers 4–5 mm, pollen ca. 50% fertile; style 20–50 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
4-merous, nearly actinomorphic, opening near sunset; floral tube 9–13 mm; sepals 7–9 mm; petals white, fading pink to pale red, slightly unequal, rhombic, 7–8 mm, short-clawed; filaments 3–4 mm, anthers 4–5 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 18–22 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | cylindrical, sometimes slightly enlarged toward apex, 20–50 × 2–4 mm. |
erect, fusiform, often slightly curved, weakly 4-angled, (9–)13–17 × 2–3 mm, valves with inconspicuous raised midrib; sessile. |
Seeds | ellipsoid to subglobose, 0.9–1.8 × 0.4–0.9 mm. |
(1–)3 or 4, yellowish or light brown, 2–3.5 × 1–2 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera laciniata |
Oenothera arida |
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Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Apr–Sep(–Oct). | Flowering Apr–Aug. |
Habitat | introduced nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas.. | Sandy flats and washes. |
Elevation | 0–1000(–1300) m. (0–3300(–4300) ft.) | 1300–1800 m. (4300–5900 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY [Introduced nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas]
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TX; Mexico (Chihuahua) |
Discussion | Oenothera laciniata is a PTH species and forms aring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous (W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner 1988). Oenothera laciniata is known in New Mexico from Doña Ana and Roosevelt counties from non-montane habitats and thus do not appear to represent O. pubescens; however, a few collections from Brewster and Jeff Davis counties, Texas, reported by W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner (1988) as O. laciniata appear to represent collections of O. pubescens. Dietrich and Wagner found that O. laciniata hybridizes not only with O. grandis, but also with O. drummondii subsp. drummondii, O. humifusa, and O. mexicana. It is naturalized nearly worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera arida is known only from several areas in the foothills of the Davis Mountains in eastern Jeff Davis County, northeastern Presidio County, and northern Brewster County, and from areas near Gallego and Chihuahua in Chihuahua, Mexico. P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) determined O. arida to be self-incompatible. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Oenothera > subsect. Raimannia | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gaura > subsect. Xerogaura |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. minima, O. repanda, O. sinuata, O. sinuata var. minima, Onagra sinuata, Raimannia laciniata | Gaura macrocarpa |
Name authority | Hill: Veg. Syst. 12(app.): 64, plate 10. (1767) | W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 211. (2007) |
Web links |
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