Oenothera humifusa |
Oenothera mexicana |
|
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seabeach evening-primrose |
Mexican evening primrose |
|
Habit | Herbs annual or short-lived perennial, densely strigillose, sometimes also villous, also becoming glandular puberulent distally. | Herbs annual, moderately to sparsely strigillose and densely long-villous, sometimes also becoming glandular puberulent distally. |
Stems | erect to decumbent, much branched, 10–50(–90) cm. |
erect to ascending, usually unbranched, or with arcuate lateral branches arising from rosette, 15–40(–60) cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 4–8 × 0.7–1 cm, cauline 1–7 × 0.3–1.5 cm; blade usually grayish green, narrowly oblong to narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate, margins remotely shallowly dentate to subentire; bracts spreading, flat. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 6–10 × 1–2.5 cm, cauline 3–7.5 × 0.8–2 cm; blade usually grayish green, narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, margins deeply lobed, lobes usually dentate; bracts distalmost erect, revolute. |
Flowers | usually 1 opening per day near sunset; buds erect, with free tips erect and appressed or slightly spreading, 0.5–2 mm; floral tube 15–35 mm; sepals3–11 mm; petals yellow, very broadly obovate or obcordate, 4.5–16 mm; filaments 4–11 mm, anthers 2–5.5 mm, pollen ca. 50% fertile; style 23–45 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
usually 1 opening per day near sunset; buds erect, with free tips erect or appressed, 0.5–2.5 mm; floral tube 23–28 mm; sepals 5–12 mm; petals yellow, fading orange, broadly obovate or shallowly obcordate, 6–15 mm; filaments 4–12 mm, anthers 3–4 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 27–40 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | cylindrical, sometimes slightly enlarged toward apex, 15–45 × 2–3 mm. |
cylindrical, sometimes slightly enlarged toward apex, 25–45 × 2.5–3 mm. |
Seeds | usually ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, rarely subglobose, 1–2 × 0.5–0.9 mm. |
ellipsoid to subglobose, 0.8–1.2 × 0.3–0.5 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera humifusa |
Oenothera mexicana |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Nov. | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | Dunes, open sandy places along or near Atlantic coast. | Open, sandy sites. |
Elevation | 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.) | 30–200 m. (100–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; PA; SC; VA; Dunes; open sandy places along or near Atlantic coast; West Indies (Cuba); Bermuda
|
TX |
Discussion | Oenothera humifusa is a PTH species and forms a ring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous (W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner 1988). The inland collection from Iredell County, North Carolina, presumably represents an introduction. There are two geographically separated morphological forms of O. humifusa. Plants of one form are somewhat decumbent, with subentire cauline leaves and bracts; this form occurs in the southern part of the range. The other form is more upright, with more deeply divided leaves; it occurs from North Carolina northward. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera mexicana is known only from southeastern Texas (Atascosa, Aransas, Bexar, Brooks, Burleson, De Witt, Frio, Gonzales, Kenedy, Medina, Newton, Refugio, San Patricio, Waller, and Washington counties). It is self-compatible and autogamous, but not a PTH species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Oenothera > subsect. Raimannia | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Oenothera > subsect. Raimannia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. niveifolia, O. sinuata var. humifusa, Raimannia humifusa | O. laciniata var. mexicana, O. sinuata var. hirsuta, Raimannia mexicana |
Name authority | Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 245. (1818) | Spach: Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 4: 347. (1836) |
Web links |