Oenothera hispida |
Oenothera triangulata |
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prairie beeblossom |
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Habit | Herbs perennial, spreading by rhizomes (forming colonies), strigillose, often also villous; from taproot. | Herbs annual, villous proximally, sparsely villous along veins and on margins, usually glabrate, sometimes strigillose distally; from taproot. |
Stems | ascending to decumbent, several-branched from base, usually also irregularly branched distally, sometimes with a single, unbranched stem, 20–60(–120) cm. |
ascending, usually well-branched from base and distally, rarely unbranched, 15–60 cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, 0.5–7.5(–9.5) × 0.1–2.2 cm, blade narrowly lanceolate to elliptic, margins subentire or shallowly sinuate-dentate. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, 1.5–8 × 0.2–0.6(–1.5) cm, blade very narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate or oblong-elliptic, margins entire or weakly sinuate-dentate. |
Flowers | 4-merous, zygomorphic, opening near sunset; floral tube 4–14 mm; sepals 7–11(–14) mm; petals white, fading red, slightly unequal, elliptic, 6–10 mm, clawed; filaments 4–8.5 mm, anthers 3–6 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 12–26 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
3(or 4)-merous, zygomorphic, opening at sunset; floral tube 4–5.5 mm; sepals 4.5–6 mm; petals white, fading pink, elliptic-obovate, 3.5–5 mm; filaments 2–3.5 mm, anthers 1.5–3 mm, pollen 35–65% fertile; style 9–10 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers. |
Capsules | erect, pyramidal in distal 1/2, conspicuously bulging at base of distal pyramidal part, strongly 4-angled, conspicuously bulging at base, abruptly constricted to terete proximal part, 7–13 × 3–5 mm; sessile. |
narrowly obovoid, 3(or 4)-winged, furrowed between wings, 7–9 × 3–5 mm, narrowed at base; sessile. |
Seeds | (2 or)3 or 4(–8), reddish brown, 2–2.5 × 1–1.3 mm. |
(1 or)2–5, yellowishto light brown, 1.5–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
= 14. |
Oenothera hispida |
Oenothera triangulata |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul(–Nov). | Flowering Apr–Jul. |
Habitat | Sandy loam. | Open, sandy sites. |
Elevation | 60–1900 m. (200–6200 ft.) | 200–600 m. (700–2000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AR; CA; GA; TX; c Mexico |
OK; TX |
Discussion | Oenothera hispida is native across the eastern half of Texas, south through Mexico to Oaxaca and Puebla; it is naturalized in Sevier County, Arkansas, coastal southern California, and Glynn County Georgia. P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) reported Oenothera hispida to be self-incompatible. It occasionally forms hybrids with O. suffrutescens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera triangulata is a PTH species and forms a ring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis. The species is self-compatible and autogamous (P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory 1972[1973]). It may have been derived from hybridization between O. patriciae and O. suffulta. The species has a relatively narrow distribution across south-central Oklahoma and north-central Texas (Oklahoma in Cleveland, Comanche, Cotton, Grady, Oklahoma, Rogers, Stephens, and Tulsa counties; Texas in Archer, Baylor, Callahan, Clay, Coleman, Crosby, Eastland, Erath, Jones, Montague, Taylor, Throckmorton, Tom Greene, Wichita, Wilbarger, and Young counties). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gaura hispida, G. crispa, G. drummondii, G. roemeriana, O. xenogaura, Schizocarya crispa, S. drummondii | Gaura triangulata, G. hexandra var. triangulata, G. tripetala var. triangulata |
Name authority | (Bentham) W. L. Wagner, Hoch & Zarucchi: PhytoKeys 50: 26. (2015) | (Buckley) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 214. (2007) |
Web links |