Oenothera grandis |
Oenothera cinerea |
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largeflower eveningprimrose, showy evening-primrose |
high-plains beeblossom, woolly beeblossom |
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Habit | Herbs annual, strigillose and sparsely villous, also glandular puberulent distally. | Herbs suffrutescent, densely soft-villous, hairs mostly appressed, 2–3 mm, becoming less villous distally, also strigillose, rarely glandular puberulent or hispidulous, plant parts grayish green; from deep, twisted, woody rootstock. | ||||
Stems | erect to ascending, often with ascending lateral branches, 15–60(–100) cm. |
erect, several-branched near ground, also branched proximal to inflorescences, 60–280 cm. |
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Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 5–13 × 1–3 cm, cauline 3–10 × 1.5–3.5 cm; blade green, narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, margins lobed or dentate, lobes often dentate; bracts spreading, flat. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, 0.5–8 × 0.15–2 cm, sessile, blade narrowly lanceolate or oblanceolate to very narrowly elliptic or linear, margins usually subentire or shallowly sinuate-dentate, sometimes deeply sinuate-dentate, often undulate. |
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Inflorescences | slender. |
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Flowers | 1–few opening per day near sunset; buds erect, with free tips terminal, erect or hornlike, 1.5–5 mm; floral tube 25–45 mm; sepals 15–30 mm; petals yellow, very broadly obovate or shallowly obcordate, 25–40 mm; filaments 12–22 mm, anthers 4–11 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 40–75 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
4-merous, zygomorphic, opening near sunset; floral tube 1.5–5 mm; sepals 6–14 mm; petals white, fading pink to red, slightly unequal, elliptic, 7–13 mm, clawed; stamens presented in lower 1/2 of flower, filaments 4.5–11 mm, anthers 2–4.5 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 9–19 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
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Capsules | cylindrical, sometimes slightly enlarged toward apex, 25–50 ×2–3 mm. |
lanceoloid to narrowly ovoid, 4-winged, 9–19 × 1–3.5 mm, abruptly constricted to a long, sterile stipe 2–10 mm. |
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Seeds | broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, 0.8–1.5 × 0.5–0.9 mm. |
(1 or)2–4, 2–3(–4) × 0.8–1.3 mm, yellowish to light brown or rarely reddish brown. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Oenothera grandis |
Oenothera cinerea |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Sep. | |||||
Habitat | Open, sandy sites. | |||||
Elevation | 0–1500(–2200) m. (0–4900(–7200) ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CO; CT; FL; IL; IN; KS; LA; MD; MI; MO; NC; NE; NJ; NM; TX; Mexico (Tamaulipas)
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sc United States
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Discussion | Oenothera grandis is probably native to eastern New Mexico and Colorado, Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas, and northeastern Tamaulipas, Mexico. Scattered collections made in other states probably represent introductions (W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner 1988). Oenothera grandis is self-incompatible (W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner 1988). Oenothera laciniata Hill var. occidentalis Small and O. laciniata var. grandis Britton are illegitimate superfluous names based on O. sinuata Linnaeus var. grandiflora S. Watson and pertain here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) determined Oenothera cinerea to be self-incompatible. The two subspecies recognized here have disjunct distributions but are very similar morphologically. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. | ||||
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Oenothera > subsect. Raimannia | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gaura > subsect. Stipogaura | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | O. laciniata var. grandiflora, O. sinuata var. grandiflora, Raimannia grandis | Gaura cinerea | ||||
Name authority | Smyth: Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 16: 160. (1899) | (Wooton & Standley) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 211. (2007) | ||||
Web links |