Oenothera glaucifolia |
Oenothera cordata |
|
---|---|---|
false gaura |
heartleaf evening primrose |
|
Habit | Herbs probably biennial, glabrous, becoming sparsely to densely glandular puberulent and short-villous distally, glaucous at least in proximal parts; from stout roots. | Herbs annual or biennial, densely to sparsely strigillose, glandular puberulent or sometimes also sparsely villous distally. |
Stems | erect, branched or unbranched, 30–300 cm. |
unbranched or branched primarily distally, 25–70 cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 3–7 × 0.5–2 cm, sessile, blade oblong to oblong-lanceolate, base usually ± auriculate, margins entire; cauline 3–8(–10) × 0.4–1.8 cm, blade lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, gradually smaller, becoming linear-subulate distally. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 6–12 × 0.7–2 cm, cauline 2–10 ×0.5–3 cm; subsessile; blade narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, gradually narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, elliptic, or ovate distally, margins lobed to remotely dentate or subentire; bracts shorter than capsule they subtend, 0.5–1.7 cm. |
Inflorescences | long, wandlike, unbranched or branched. |
open, lax, usually unbranched, mature buds usually overtopping spike apex. |
Flowers | 4-merous, nearly actinomorphic, opening near sunrise; floral tube 6–17 mm; sepals 4–6 mm; petals white, fading off-white or tinged pink, slightly unequal, rhombic, 4–6 mm, abruptly clawed; filaments 5–8 mm, anthers 1.5–2 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 6–10, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
1–few per spike opening per day near sunset; buds erect, with free tips erect, 1–3 mm; floral tube nearly straight, 20–40 mm; sepals 15–25 mm; petals yellow, broadly elliptic to rhombic-ovate, 20–30 mm; filaments 17–22 mm, anthers 4–7 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 50–65 mm, stigma usually exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | ovoid, 4-angled, somewhat flattened, 3–4 × 1.5–2.3 mm, valves with raised midrib and conspicuous lateral veins; sessile. |
narrowly lanceoloid, 15–33 × 2–3 mm. |
Seeds | 1, pale yellow, oblanceoloid, 2.4–2.6 × 1–1.5 mm. |
dark brown, ellipsoid, 1–1.4 ×0.4–0.6 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera glaucifolia |
Oenothera cordata |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Oct(–Nov). | Flowering Apr–Jul. |
Habitat | Rocky prairie slopes and outcrops or bluffs, along streams, roadsides, usuallyon limestone. | Sandy, open places in oak woodlands. |
Elevation | 200–1300 m. (700–4300 ft.) | 30–200 m. (100–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
AR; CO; KS; MO; NE; NM; OK; TX; WY
|
TX |
Discussion | Oenothera glaucifolia is self-incompatible, the flowers diurnal, pollinated primarily by wasps (R. Clinebell, unpubl.), as well as bees, flies, butterflies, and occasionally beetles (summarized by W. L. Wagner et al. 2007). It was collected once in 1988 in Indiana at Miller Woods Visitor Center (Lake County), Dritz 596 (MOR); it seems likely that it was introduced, and has not been collected there since. Stenosiphon virgatus Spach is a superfluous name and pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera cordata is self-incompatible. It occurs in a narrow range in eastern Texas (Austin, Bastrop, Colorado, Fayette, Guadalupe, Goliad, Matagorda, San Patricio, Victoria, Waller, and Wilson). It apparently occasionally hybridizes with O. heterophylla subsp. heterophylla where their ranges come together. Oenothera bifrons D. Don 1838 (not Lindley 1831) pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gaura > subsect. Stenosiphon | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Oenothera > subsect. Candela |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gaura linifolia, Stenosiphon linifolius | |
Name authority | W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 212. (2007) | J. W. Loudon: Ladies’ Flower-gard. Ornam. Perenn. 1: 167. (1843) |
Web links |