Oenothera glaucifolia |
Oenothera canescens |
|
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false gaura |
beakpod evening primrose, spotted evening-primrose |
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Habit | Herbs probably biennial, glabrous, becoming sparsely to densely glandular puberulent and short-villous distally, glaucous at least in proximal parts; from stout roots. | Herbs low, forming clumps 10–50 cm diam., densely strigillose throughout; from a taproot, lateral roots producing adventitious shoots. |
Stems | erect, branched or unbranched, 30–300 cm. |
many-branched from base, leafy, (10–)15–25(–38) cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 3–7 × 0.5–2 cm, sessile, blade oblong to oblong-lanceolate, base usually ± auriculate, margins entire; cauline 3–8(–10) × 0.4–1.8 cm, blade lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, gradually smaller, becoming linear-subulate distally. |
cauline, (0.3–)0.6–1.5(–2.5) × (0.05–)0.15–0.4(–0.6) cm, fascicles of small leaves 0.2–0.6 cm often present in non-flowering axils; petiole 0–0.1 cm; blade lanceolate to linear, base cuneate, apex acute. |
Inflorescences | long, wandlike, unbranched or branched. |
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Flowers | 4-merous, nearly actinomorphic, opening near sunrise; floral tube 6–17 mm; sepals 4–6 mm; petals white, fading off-white or tinged pink, slightly unequal, rhombic, 4–6 mm, abruptly clawed; filaments 5–8 mm, anthers 1.5–2 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 6–10, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
several opening per day near sunset; buds usually without free tips, rarely free tips 0.2–0.3 mm; sepals (7–)8–12 mm; petals pink, rarely white, streaked or flecked with red, fading bright purple, (8–)10–17 mm; filaments 6–8 mm, anthers often with red longitudinal stripe, 3–6 mm; style (16–)22–27 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | ovoid, 4-angled, somewhat flattened, 3–4 × 1.5–2.3 mm, valves with raised midrib and conspicuous lateral veins; sessile. |
woody, ovoid, narrowly winged, wings 0.8–1.5 mm wide, (7–)9–12(–14) × 2–4 mm (excluding wings), abruptly constricted to a conspicuous, sterile beak, (2–)3–4.5 mm, indehiscent; sessile. |
Seeds | 1, pale yellow, oblanceoloid, 2.4–2.6 × 1–1.5 mm. |
asymmetrically cuneiform or oblanceoloid, 1.2–1.5 × 0.4–0.5 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera glaucifolia |
Oenothera canescens |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Oct(–Nov). | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Rocky prairie slopes and outcrops or bluffs, along streams, roadsides, usuallyon limestone. | Prairie depressions, playas, margins of ditches, temporary wet areas. |
Elevation | 200–1300 m. (700–4300 ft.) | (400–)700–1800 m. ((1300–)2300–5900 ft.) |
Distribution |
AR; CO; KS; MO; NE; NM; OK; TX; WY
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CO; KS; NE; NM; OK; TX; WY
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Discussion | Oenothera glaucifolia is self-incompatible, the flowers diurnal, pollinated primarily by wasps (R. Clinebell, unpubl.), as well as bees, flies, butterflies, and occasionally beetles (summarized by W. L. Wagner et al. 2007). It was collected once in 1988 in Indiana at Miller Woods Visitor Center (Lake County), Dritz 596 (MOR); it seems likely that it was introduced, and has not been collected there since. Stenosiphon virgatus Spach is a superfluous name and pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera canescens is restricted to prairie depressions, playas, ditch margins, and other places of temporary water in the High Plains of the western United States from Goshen County, Wyoming, southeast to Hayes County, Nebraska, south through eastern Colorado, the eastern tier of counties in New Mexico, western Kansas, and to Garza and Dawson counties in the Texas Panhandle; also disjunct populations from Chautauqua, Sedgwick, and Stafford counties, Kansas. The illegitimate names Gaurella guttulata (Geyer ex Hooker) Small, G. canescens (Torrey & Frémont) Cockerell, and Gauropsis guttulata (Geyer ex Hooker) Cockerell pertain here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gaura > subsect. Stenosiphon | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gauropsis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gaura linifolia, Stenosiphon linifolius | Gaurella canescens, Megapterium canescens, O. guttulata |
Name authority | W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 212. (2007) | Torrey & Frémont in J. C. Fremont: Rep. Exped. Rocky Mts., 315. (1845) |
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