Oenothera elata subsp. hirsutissima |
Oenothera elata |
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evening primrose |
evening primrose, Hooker's evening-primrose, western evening primrose |
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Habit | Herbs strigillose, usually also villous, with appressed or spreading hairs, sometimes these with red-pustulate bases, distally sometimes also glandular puberulent. | Herbs biennial or short-lived perennial, densely strigillose and either sparsely or moderately villous, with appressed or spreading hairs (sometimes with red-pustulate bases), distally sometimes also glandular puberulent. | ||||
Stems | erect, green, flushed with red proximally or red throughout, unbranched or branches obliquely arising from rosette and secondary branches arising from main stem, 30–250 cm. |
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Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 10–43 × 1.2–4(–6) cm, cauline 4–25 × 1–2.5(–4) cm; blade dull green to grayish green, rarely red, narrowly oblanceolate or oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or narrowly lanceolate, margins usually flat, rarely undulate, bluntly dentate or subentire, teeth sometimes widely spaced, proximal blades sometimes sinuate-dentate toward base; bracts persistent. |
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Inflorescences | erect, unbranched. |
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Flowers | buds green to yellowish green, red-striped, or sometimes red throughout, with free tips 2–7 mm; petals 30–47(–55) mm; anthers 8–15(–22) mm. |
opening near sunset; buds erect, 6–10 mm diam., with free tips terminal, erect, 1–7 mm; floral tube (20–)30–45(–50) mm; sepals yellowish green, red-striped or strongly flushed with red, 27–50 mm; petals yellow to pale yellow, fading orange or pale yellow, very broadly obcordate, (25–)30–47(–55) mm; filaments 17–25 mm, anthers 8–23 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 50–90 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
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Capsules | erect or slightly spreading, dull green or gray-green when dry, narrowly lanceoloid, 20–65 × 4–7 mm, free tips of valves 0.5–2.5 mm. |
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Seeds | 1–1.9 × 0.6–1.2 mm. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Oenothera elata subsp. hirsutissima |
Oenothera elata |
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Phenology | Flowering (Apr–)Jul–Sep(–Oct). | |||||
Habitat | Montane sites along streams, mesic meadows, roadsides, near permanent or seasonally wet sites, ditch banks, riverbanks, flood plains, fallow agricultural land. | |||||
Elevation | 10–3000 m. (0–9800 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; ID; KS; NM; NV; OK; OR; TX; UT; WA; Mexico (n Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora) |
w United States; c United States; Mexico; Central America
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Discussion | Subspecies hirsutissima occurs throughout much of the western United States, but with only scattered populations in Oklahoma (Custer, Logan, and McCurtain counties) and in eastern Texas (Anderson, Brazos, and Leon counties) and western Texas (Brewster, Culberson, Jeff Davis, and Presidio counties). Onagra spectabilis Spach is an illegitimate name as is Oenothera corymbosa Sims 1818, not Lamarck 1798, and both pertain here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 3 (2 in the flora). Subspecies elata differs in anthers 7–12 mm, fewer or no pustulate-based hairs, and generally smaller flowers and habit. It ranges from the highlands of central Mexico, including Guanajuato, Hidalgo, México, Michoacán, Puebla, Querétaro, and Veracruz, south to Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica, and Panama. Oenothera elata has plastome I and a AA genome composition. Onagra kunthiana Spach is a superfluous name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | O. biennis var. hirsutissima, O. elata var. hirsutissima, O. elata subsp. texensis, O. grisea, O. hewettii, O. hirsutissima, O. hookeri subsp. angustifolia, O. hookeri var. angustifolia, O. hookeri subsp. grisea, O. hookeri var. grisea, O. hookeri subsp. hewettii, O. hookeri var. hewettii, O. hookeri subsp. hirsutissima, O. hookeri var. hirsutissima, O. hookeri var. irrigua, O. hookeri subsp. ornata, O. hookeri var. ornata, O. hookeri var. semiglabra, O. hookeri var. simsiana, O. hookeri subsp. venusta, O. hookeri var. venusta, O. irrigua, O. jepsonii, O. macbrideae, O. ornata, O. simsiana, O. venusta, O. venusta var. grisea, Onagra macbrideae, O. ornata | |||||
Name authority | (A. Gray ex S. Watson) W. Dietrich: Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 195. (1983) | Kunth in A. von Humboldt et al.: Nov. Gen. Sp. 6(fol.): 72; 6(qto.): 90. (1823) | ||||
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