Oenothera elata |
Oenothera neomexicana |
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evening primrose, Hooker's evening-primrose, western evening primrose |
New Mexico evening-primrose |
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Habit | Herbs biennial or short-lived perennial, densely strigillose and either sparsely or moderately villous, with appressed or spreading hairs (sometimes with red-pustulate bases), distally sometimes also glandular puberulent. | Herbs perennial, glabrate proximally, strigillose and villous distally; from a taproot, also with lateral roots producing adventitious shoots. | ||||
Stems | erect, green, flushed with red proximally or red throughout, unbranched or branches obliquely arising from rosette and secondary branches arising from main stem, 30–250 cm. |
erect or ascending, unbranched or branched, 30–60 cm. |
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Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 10–43 × 1.2–4(–6) cm, cauline 4–25 × 1–2.5(–4) cm; blade dull green to grayish green, rarely red, narrowly oblanceolate or oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or narrowly lanceolate, margins usually flat, rarely undulate, bluntly dentate or subentire, teeth sometimes widely spaced, proximal blades sometimes sinuate-dentate toward base; bracts persistent. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, rosette weakly developed or absent, at least during flowering, 3–9 × (0.6–)1–2.5 cm; petiole 0–2 cm; blade oblong to lanceolate or narrowly ovate, margins irregularly sinuate-dentate. |
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Inflorescences | erect, unbranched. |
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Flowers | opening near sunset; buds erect, 6–10 mm diam., with free tips terminal, erect, 1–7 mm; floral tube (20–)30–45(–50) mm; sepals yellowish green, red-striped or strongly flushed with red, 27–50 mm; petals yellow to pale yellow, fading orange or pale yellow, very broadly obcordate, (25–)30–47(–55) mm; filaments 17–25 mm, anthers 8–23 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile; style 50–90 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
1–several opening per day near sunset; buds nodding, weakly quadrangular, with free tips 0.5–4 mm; floral tube 30–50 mm; sepals 20–30 mm, not spotted; petals white, fading pink, broadly obovate, 20–30 mm; filaments 10–15 mm, anthers 8–15 mm; style 50–70 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
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Capsules | erect or slightly spreading, dull green or gray-green when dry, narrowly lanceoloid, 20–65 × 4–7 mm, free tips of valves 0.5–2.5 mm. |
erect or strongly ascending, not woody, straight or slightly curved, subcylindrical, obtusely 4-angled, tapering gradually from base to apex, 20–30 × 2–3 mm; sessile. |
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Seeds | 1–1.9 × 0.6–1.2 mm. |
numerous, in 1 row per locule, dark brown, narrowly obovoid, 1.5 mm. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Oenothera elata |
Oenothera neomexicana |
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Phenology | Flowering (Mar–)Jun–Jul(–Sep). | |||||
Habitat | Uncommon, in rocky or sandy clay or loamy soil in coniferous forest openings, stream valleys, roadsides. | |||||
Elevation | 1500–3300 m. (4900–10800 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
w United States; c United States; Mexico; Central America
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AZ; NM
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Discussion | Subspecies 3 (2 in the flora). Subspecies elata differs in anthers 7–12 mm, fewer or no pustulate-based hairs, and generally smaller flowers and habit. It ranges from the highlands of central Mexico, including Guanajuato, Hidalgo, México, Michoacán, Puebla, Querétaro, and Veracruz, south to Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica, and Panama. Oenothera elata has plastome I and a AA genome composition. Onagra kunthiana Spach is a superfluous name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera neomexicana is known from central to western New Mexico west of the Rio Grande Valley, except for the Organ Mountains, and eastern and central Arizona from the White Mountains south to Mount Graham and northwestward across the Mogollon Rim in Coconino and Yavapai counties. Oenothera neomexicana had been assumed to be self-incompatible (W. L. Wagner et al. 2007), but K. E. Theiss et al. (2010) determined one population sampled to be consistently self-compatible. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Anogra neomexicana | |||||
Name authority | Kunth in A. von Humboldt et al.: Nov. Gen. Sp. 6(fol.): 72; 6(qto.): 90. (1823) | (Small) Munz: Amer. J. Bot. 18: 317. (1931) | ||||
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