Oenothera deltoides |
Oenothera triangulata |
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basket evening-primrose, birdcage evening primrose, desert lantern, devil's lantern, dune primrose, hairy evening primrose, lion-in-a-cage |
prairie beeblossom |
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Habit | Herbs usually winter-annual, sometimes perennial, glabrous, glandular puberulent, strigillose, and/or villous, sometimes more villous distally, hairs sometimes very curly, especially on flower parts; from a taproot or relatively long, fleshy roots. | Herbs annual, villous proximally, sparsely villous along veins and on margins, usually glabrate, sometimes strigillose distally; from taproot. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | central stem usually erect, usually thickened at base and spongy, branched or unbranched, branches few–several, slender, decumbent to ascending, from base, usually encircling central stem in older plants, 10–40(–100) cm. |
ascending, usually well-branched from base and distally, rarely unbranched, 15–60 cm. |
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Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, rosette usually well developed (except subsp. howellii), basal 5–25 × 1–5 cm, cauline 4–12(–18) × 0.5–4 cm; petiole 1.5–8 cm; blade rhombic-obovate, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, margins subentire, dentate, or pinnatifid. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, 1.5–8 × 0.2–0.6(–1.5) cm, blade very narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate or oblong-elliptic, margins entire or weakly sinuate-dentate. |
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Flowers | 1–several opening per day near sunset; buds nodding, weakly or strongly quadrangular or fluted in distal 1/2, with free tips 0–9 mm; floral tube 20–40 mm; sepals (13–)15–35 mm, not spotted; petals white, fading pink to deep pink, broadly obovate or obcordate, 15–44 mm; filaments 8–15 mm, anthers 5–14 mm; style 35–60 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
3(or 4)-merous, zygomorphic, opening at sunset; floral tube 4–5.5 mm; sepals 4.5–6 mm; petals white, fading pink, elliptic-obovate, 3.5–5 mm; filaments 2–3.5 mm, anthers 1.5–3 mm, pollen 35–65% fertile; style 9–10 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers. |
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Capsules | spreading, straight to curved, becoming somewhat woody in age, cylindrical to slightly 4-angled, widest toward base, tapering from base to apex, (15–)30–80 × 1.5–5 mm; sessile. |
narrowly obovoid, 3(or 4)-winged, furrowed between wings, 7–9 × 3–5 mm, narrowed at base; sessile. |
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Seeds | numerous, in 1 row per locule, buff with dark spots or black, narrowly obovoid, 1.5–2.8 mm. |
(1 or)2–5, yellowishto light brown, 1.5–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Oenothera deltoides |
Oenothera triangulata |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Open, sandy sites. | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 200–600 m. (700–2000 ft.) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
w United States; nw Mexico
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OK; TX |
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Discussion | Subspecies 5 (5 in the flora). Oenothera deltoides is self-incompatible or self-compatible (W. M. Klein 1964; W. L. Wagner et al. 2007; K. E. Theiss et al. 2010). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera triangulata is a PTH species and forms a ring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis. The species is self-compatible and autogamous (P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory 1972[1973]). It may have been derived from hybridization between O. patriciae and O. suffulta. The species has a relatively narrow distribution across south-central Oklahoma and north-central Texas (Oklahoma in Cleveland, Comanche, Cotton, Grady, Oklahoma, Rogers, Stephens, and Tulsa counties; Texas in Archer, Baylor, Callahan, Clay, Coleman, Crosby, Eastland, Erath, Jones, Montague, Taylor, Throckmorton, Tom Greene, Wichita, Wilbarger, and Young counties). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Anogra | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gaura > subsect. Gaura | ||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Anogra deltoides | Gaura triangulata, G. hexandra var. triangulata, G. tripetala var. triangulata | ||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Torrey & Frémont in J. C. Frémont: Rep. Exped. Rocky Mts., 315. (1845) | (Buckley) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 214. (2007) | ||||||||||||||||
Web links |