Oenothera deltoides |
Oenothera coronopifolia |
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basket evening-primrose, birdcage evening primrose, desert lantern, devil's lantern, dune primrose, hairy evening primrose, lion-in-a-cage |
crownleaf evening primrose |
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Habit | Herbs usually winter-annual, sometimes perennial, glabrous, glandular puberulent, strigillose, and/or villous, sometimes more villous distally, hairs sometimes very curly, especially on flower parts; from a taproot or relatively long, fleshy roots. | Herbs perennial, strigillose, usually also hirsute; from a taproot, lateral roots producing adventitious shoots. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | central stem usually erect, usually thickened at base and spongy, branched or unbranched, branches few–several, slender, decumbent to ascending, from base, usually encircling central stem in older plants, 10–40(–100) cm. |
ascending to erect, 1–several from base, these unbranched to well-branched, 10–60 cm. |
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Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, rosette usually well developed (except subsp. howellii), basal 5–25 × 1–5 cm, cauline 4–12(–18) × 0.5–4 cm; petiole 1.5–8 cm; blade rhombic-obovate, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, margins subentire, dentate, or pinnatifid. |
in a weakly developed basal rosette and cauline, 2–7 × 0.2–1.5 cm, axillary fascicles of reduced leaves often present; blade oblanceolate to oblong, margins usually pinnatifid, sometimes proximal ones coarsely few-toothed. |
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Flowers | 1–several opening per day near sunset; buds nodding, weakly or strongly quadrangular or fluted in distal 1/2, with free tips 0–9 mm; floral tube 20–40 mm; sepals (13–)15–35 mm, not spotted; petals white, fading pink to deep pink, broadly obovate or obcordate, 15–44 mm; filaments 8–15 mm, anthers 5–14 mm; style 35–60 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
1–3 opening per day near sunset; buds nodding, weakly quadrangular, without free tips; floral tube 10–25 mm, mouth conspicuously pubescent, closed with straight, white hairs, 1–2 mm; sepals 10–20 mm; petals white, fading pink, ovate or shallowly obcordate, 10–15(–20) mm; filaments 10–15 mm, anthers 4–7 mm; style 17–42 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
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Capsules | spreading, straight to curved, becoming somewhat woody in age, cylindrical to slightly 4-angled, widest toward base, tapering from base to apex, (15–)30–80 × 1.5–5 mm; sessile. |
ascending to erect, straight, fusiform, weakly 4-angled, 10–20 × 3–5 mm, dehiscent 1/2 their length; sessile. |
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Seeds | numerous, in 1 row per locule, buff with dark spots or black, narrowly obovoid, 1.5–2.8 mm. |
in 2 rows per locule, ellipsoid to subglobose, 1.5–2 × 1.2–1.5 mm, surface regularly pitted, pits in longitudinal lines. |
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2n | = 14, 28. |
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Oenothera deltoides |
Oenothera coronopifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering (Mar–)Jun–Aug(–Sep). | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Dry, open sites, grassy meadows, slopes, along drainages, foothills and mountains. | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 1500–3000 m. (4900–9800 ft.) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
w United States; nw Mexico
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AZ; CO; ID; NE; NM; SD; UT; WY
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Discussion | Subspecies 5 (5 in the flora). Oenothera deltoides is self-incompatible or self-compatible (W. M. Klein 1964; W. L. Wagner et al. 2007; K. E. Theiss et al. 2010). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera coronopifolia apparently has both self-incompatible and self-compatible populations (P. H. Raven 1979; W. L. Wagner et al. 2007; K. E. Theiss et al. 2010). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Anogra | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Kleinia | ||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Anogra deltoides | Anogra coronopifolia | ||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Torrey & Frémont in J. C. Frémont: Rep. Exped. Rocky Mts., 315. (1845) | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 495. (1840) | ||||||||||||||||
Web links |