Oenothera curtissii |
Oenothera perennis |
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Curtiss' evening primrose |
little evening-primrose, perennial evening-primrose, perennial sundrops, small sundrops |
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Habit | Herbs biennial or short-lived perennial, densely to sparsely strigillose, sometimes also sparsely glandular puberulent distally. | Herbs perennial, sparsely to moderately strigillose, glandular puberulent distally; from fibrous roots. |
Stems | sometimes with lateral branches arisingobliquely from rosette, 30–80 cm. |
usually erect to slightly decumbent, unbranched to few-branched distally, (3–)15–30(–75) cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 7–17 × 0.5–1.5 cm, cauline 2–8 × 0.5–1.5 cm; blade narrowly oblanceolate, gradually narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblong distally, margins lobed to remotely dentate or subentire; bracts slightly longer than capsule they subtend. |
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 2–4 × 0.2–1.2 cm, petiole (0.2–)0.5–1.2(–2.5) cm, blade oblanceolate to obovate; cauline 3–7 × 0.2–1.2 cm, petiole 0.1–1 cm, blade oblanceolate to obovate, margins entire or weakly and remotely denticulate. |
Inflorescences | open, lax, without lateral branches, mature buds usually not overtopping spike apex. |
nodding, flowers in axils of distalmost few nodes. |
Flowers | 1 or 2 per spike opening per day near sunset; buds erect, with free tips erect to spreading, 0.3–0.8 mm; floral tube slightly curved upward to straight, 23–37 mm; sepals 7–13 mm; petals yellow, broadly elliptic to rhombic-ovate, 8–17 mm; filaments 6–10 mm, anthers 1.5–4 mm, pollen ca. 50% fertile; style 30–45 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
opening near sunrise, nearly unscented; buds with free tips to 1 mm, connivent; floral tube 3–10 mm; sepals 2–4 mm; petals bright yellow, fading pale yellow, or orangish yellow to pale pink, 5–10 mm; filaments 3–4 mm, anthers 1–2 mm, pollen 40–70% fertile; style 3–4 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | narrowly lanceoloid, 10–25 ×2–3 mm. |
clavate, 4-angled or narrowly 4-winged, 5–10 × 2–3 mm, stipe 1–2 mm; sessile. |
Seeds | brown, sometimes flecked with darkred spots, ellipsoid, 1–1.3 × 0.5–0.7 mm. |
0.7–0.8 × 0.2–0.3 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera curtissii |
Oenothera perennis |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering May–Jul(–Aug). |
Habitat | Dry places, pine-oak woods, fields, roadsides, sandy soil. | Fields, open woods, boggy areas. |
Elevation | 0–60 m. (0–200 ft.) | (0–)150–900(–1400) m. ((0–)500–3000(–4600) ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; SC |
CT; DC; DE; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NE; NH; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM
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Discussion | Oenothera curtissii is a PTH species and forms a ring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous (W. Dietrich and W. L. Wagner 1988). It is known only from northern Florida, adjacent southern Georgia and southeastern Alabama, and one disjunct locality in South Carolina (Allendale County). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera perennis, a PTH species that forms a ring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, is self-compatible and autogamous (G. B. Straley 1977). It is disjunct in Nebraska from the rest of its range in eastern North America, occurring in Garfield, Holt, and Rock counties (R. Kaul, pers. comm.). It is introduced in British Columbia. Oenotherapumila Linnaeus is an illegitimate substitution based on O. perennis Linnaeus, while Kneiffia michauxii Spach is an illegitimate substitution based O. pumila, as is K. pumila Spach, and the three pertain here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. heterophylla var. curtissii | Kneiffia chrysantha, K. depauperata, K. perennis, O. chrysantha, O. perennis var. rectipilis, O. pumila var. chrysantha, O. pumila var. minima, O. pumila var. pusilla, O. pumila var. rectipilis, O. pusilla |
Name authority | Small: Fl. S.E. U.S. ed. 2, 1353. (1913) | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 998. (1759) |
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