Oenothera curtiflora |
Oenothera toumeyi |
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lizard-tail, small-flower bee-blossom, small-flower gaura, velvet weed |
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Habit | Herbs annual, strigillose, glandular puberulent, and long-villous; from heavy taproot, 2–4 cm diam. | Herbs perennial or sometimes annual, glabrate to strigillose throughout; from a stout taproot. |
Stems | erect, unbranched or many-branched distally, (20–)30–200(–300) cm. |
1–several, ascending to erect, unbranched to densely branched, 15–70 cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 4–15 × 1.5–3 cm, petiole 0–1.8 cm, blade broadly oblanceolate, margins sinuate-dentate to dentate; cauline 2–13 × 0.5–5 cm, petiole 0–2 cm, blade narrowly elliptic to narrowly ovate, margins sinuate-dentate to dentate. |
1–3.5 × 0.1–0.7 cm, fascicles of small leaves 0.2–2.5 cm present in non-flowering axils; petiole 0 cm; blade narrowly lanceolate, base acute-attenuate, margins entire or obscurely and sparsely serrulate, not undulate, apex acute. |
Inflorescences | relatively long, dense. |
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Flowers | 4-merous, nearly actinomorphic, opening near sunset; floral tube 1.5–5 mm; sepals 2–3.5 mm; petals white, fading pale to dark pink, slightly unequal, oblong-obovate to elliptic-oblanceolate, 1.5–3 mm, abruptly clawed; filaments 1.5–3 mm, anthers 0.5–1 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 3–9 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
usually 1 per stem opening per day at sunset; buds with free tips 2–9(–12) mm; floral tube (15–)30–60(–70) mm, funnelform in distal 1/2 or less; sepals 10–25 mm; petals yellow, fading pale pink or pale purple, 10–20 mm; filaments 4–12 mm, anthers 6–10 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 35–70(–80) mm, stigma yellow, quadrangular, usually exserted beyond anthers. |
Capsules | fusiform, terete, weakly angled in distal 1/3, angles becoming broad and rounded in proximal part, 5–11 × 1.5–3 mm, tapering abruptly toward base; sessile. |
10–50 × 1.5–4 mm, somewhat papery, promptly dehiscent in distal 1/2. |
Seeds | 3 or 4, reddish brown, 2–3 × 1–1.5 mm. |
obovoid, 2–3 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera curtiflora |
Oenothera toumeyi |
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Phenology | Flowering (Feb–)Apr–Oct. | Flowering (May–)Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Rocky prairie slopes, woodlands, along streams, roadsides, disturbed areas. | Local and uncommon on shaded, rocky slopes or disturbed areas, pine-oak forests. |
Elevation | 10–2800 m. (0–9200 ft.) | 1500–2600 m. (4900–8500 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MN; MO; MT; NE; NM; NV; OK; OR; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WY; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Zacatecas) [Introduced in South America (Argentina), Asia (China, Japan), Australia]
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AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora) |
Discussion | Oenothera curtiflora is self-compatible and autogamous (P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory 1972[1973]). Sometimes it is apparently a biennial. The species is native to grassland regions and open areas across much of interior North America. The full extent of its indigenous range is not clear and collections from the eastern half of the United States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Massachusetts, and Tennessee) and California may be more recent introductions. Gaura mollis Nuttall ex Torrey 1827 is an isonym of G. mollis E. James 1822, a suppressed name. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera toumeyi occurs locally from the Chiricahua, Huachuca, and Santa Rita mountains in Cochise and Santa Cruz counties, Arizona, and the Mogollon Mountains in southern Catron County, New Mexico, south through northeastern Sonora in the Sierra Madre Occidental to west-central Chihuahua. H. F. Towner (1977) found that O. toumeyi is self-incompatible and vespertine. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Gaura > subsect. Schizocarya | Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Oenothera > sect. Calylophus > subsect. Salpingia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gaura parviflora, G. australis, G. hirsuta, G. micrantha, G. parviflora var. lachnocarpa, Schizocarya micrantha | Galpinsia toumeyi, Calylophus hartwegii subsp. toumeyi, C. hartwegii var. toumeyi, C. toumeyi, O. hartwegii var. toumeyi |
Name authority | W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 211. (2007) | (Small) Tidestrom: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 48: 41. (1935) |
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