Oenothera cespitosa subsp. crinita |
Oenothera cespitosa subsp. marginata |
|
---|---|---|
cespitose evening-primrose |
fragrant evening-primrose |
|
Habit | Herbs acaulescent or caulescent, densely hirsute, also sparsely glandular puberulent. | Herbs caulescent or acaulescent, usually moderately to densely hirsute and glandular puberulent, rarely exclusively glandular puberulent. |
Stems | unbranched to many-branched, and then sometimes producing dense clumps 5–50 cm diam., 2–14 cm. |
usually unbranched, rarely with 1–several branches from near base, 10–40 cm. |
Leaves | 1.7–10(–18) × (0.3–)0.5–2.5(–3.4) cm; petiole (0.2–)3–5(–8) cm; blade usually oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, rarely obovate, margins subentire, sinuate, or dentate to pinnatifid. |
(2.8–)10–26(–36) × (0.6–)1–3(–4.5) cm; petiole (3–)4–11(–14) cm; blade usually oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic, rarely lanceolate, margins coarsely and irregularly pinnately lobed to dentate or, rarely, serrate. |
Flowers | floral tube (28–)35–75(–85) mm; sepals (15–)18–25(–27) mm; petals fading rose or sometimes deep rose purple, (16–)20–30(–35) mm; filaments (6–)10–17(–20) mm, anthers 6–8(–10) mm; style (45–)60–90(–105) mm. |
floral tube (41–)80–140(–165) mm; sepals (22–)34–45(–54) mm; petals fading pink to lavender, (24–)35–50(–60) mm; filaments (16–)20–30(–35) mm, anthers (10–)12–17(–20) mm; style (78–)100–150(–185) mm. |
Capsules | usually falcate or sigmoid, especially when young, also somewhat flattened, ellipsoid-ovoid to lanceoloid, 10–31(–34) × 4–9 mm, valve margins with 8–15 tubercles or these coalesced into a sinuate ridge; pedicel 0.5–1 mm. |
straight, cylindrical to, sometimes, lanceoloid-cylindrical, slightly asymmetrical, (21–)25–50(–68) × 6–8 mm, valve margins with minute to conspicuous tubercles, these sometimes coalesced into a sinuate ridge; pedicel (0–)1–40(–55) mm. |
Seeds | obovoid, oblong, or ± triangular, 2.9–3.5 × 1.1–2 mm, embryo 1/2–2/3 of seed volume, surface papillose, reticulate or very minutely roughened; seed collar membrane depressed and often splitting, becoming separated from collar at maturity, margin conspicuously sinuate throughout, surface often ribbed, ribs forming partial or complete vertical partitions in collar. |
usually narrowly to broadly obovoid, rarely suborbicular, 2.2–3.4 × 1.1–2.6 mm, embryo 1/5–1/2 of seed volume, surface appearing longitudinally striate, reticulate under magnification; seed collar large, usually appearing inflated, sealed by a flat membrane which is often slightly depressed into seed collar cavity, margin entire or obscurely sinuate distally. |
2n | = 14, 28. |
= 14. |
Oenothera cespitosa subsp. crinita |
Oenothera cespitosa subsp. marginata |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jul. | Flowering Mar–Aug. |
Habitat | Open sites, compacted or loose soil derived from dolomite, limestone, tufa, or marble, exposed knolls, gravelly benches, steep slopes, scree, rocky mesas, rocky arroyos, from mountain summits in alpine or subalpine communities with Pinus longaeva and P. flexilis or pinyon-juniper woodlands to Great Basin or Mojave Desert shrub communities dominated by Artemisia, Atriplex confertifolia, Coleogyne, Hilaria, Lycium. | Rocky slopes, cracks in rocks, talus, along gravelly creek beds and arroyos, roadcuts in loose to somewhat compacted soil derived from granite, sandstone, limestone, volcanic cinder, rarely shale, mostly in foothill communities of pinyon-juniper woodlands, big sagebrush scrub, chaparral, grasslands, openings in ponderosa pine forests. |
Elevation | 1100–3400 m. (3600–11200 ft.) | (400–)1200–2300(–3100) m. ((1300–)3900–7500(–10200) ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; UT |
AZ; CA; CO; ID; NM; NV; OR; TX; UT; WA; WY; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora) |
Discussion | Subspecies crinita is the most polymorphic subspecies of Oenothera cespitosa; it is also the least understood. W. L. Wagner et al. (1985) grouped two series of populations that appear to intergrade together within the limits of this subspecies. One population is a morphologically relatively uniform form characterized by a many-branched habit, which may form dense clumps to 50 cm diameter, leaves that are 2–7 cm, floral tubes 25–60 mm and petals that fade to a rose color, and it occurs at high elevations on rocky, limestone sites or at lower elevations on extreme, chalky, white limestone and dolomite substrates or sometimes scree slopes. A more common form occurs at low to mid elevations in pinyon-juniper woodlands to Great Basin or Mojave Desert scrub on rocky slopes, talus, or along arroyos that is much less compact with one to several clustered rosettes, rarely more, with leaves 8–16 cm, floral tubes 45–75 mm, and petals that fade rose purple. The common form also grows on limestone and dolomite but, unlike the clumped form, it does not seem to be restricted to it. To compound the problem, many foothill and valley populations of subsp. crinita intergrade extensively with subspp. cespitosa and marginata. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Pachylophus crinitus, O. cespitosa var. crinita, O. cespitosa subsp. jonesii, O. cespitosa var. jonesii, O. cespitosa var. stellae | O. marginata, Anogra longiflora, O. cespitosa subsp. eximia, O. cespitosa var. eximia, O. cespitosa var. longiflora, O. cespitosa var. marginata, O. eximia, O. idahoensis, Pachylophus cylindrocarpus, P. exiguus, P. eximius, P. longiflorus, P. marginatus, P. prolatus |
Name authority | (Rydberg) Munz in N. L. Britton et al.: N. Amer. Fl., ser. 2, 5: 100. (1965) — (as caespitosa) | (Nuttall ex Hooker & Arnott) Munz in N. L. Britton et al.: N. Amer. Fl., ser. 2, 5: 101. (1965) — (as caespitosa) |
Web links |
|