Oenothera capillifolia
Oenothera wolfii
Wolf's evening-primrose
1–many, weakly decumbent to ascending or erect, unbranched to moderately branched, (10–)25–80 cm.
erect, green, flushed with red proximally or red throughout, unbranched or branches obliquely arising from rosette and sometimes secondary branches arising from main stem, 50–100 cm.
1–9 × (0.1–)0.3–1 cm, sometimes fascicles of small leaves to 2 cm present in non-flowering axils;
petiole 0–0.6 cm;
blade linear to narrowly lanceolate or oblanceolate, often folded lengthwise, usually not much reduced distally, proximalmost leaves sometimes spatulate, base attenuate, margins subentire or serrulate or spinulose-serrate, apex acute.
in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 13–35 ×1.5–4(–5) cm, cauline 5–18 × 1–2.5(–4) cm;
blade dull green, flat, oblanceolate to narrowly lanceolate or lanceolate to elliptic, margins bluntly dentate or subentire, teeth widely spaced or sinuate proximally;
bracts persistent.
erect, unbranched.
opening at sunrise;
buds with free tips 0–4 mm;
floral tube 5–20 mm;
sepals 4–12 mm, midribs keeled;
petals yellow, fading orangish to purplish, 6–25 mm; antisepalous filaments 2–8 mm, antipetalous filaments 1–4 mm, anthers 2–7 mm, pollen 90–100% fertile;
style 9–30 mm, stigma sometimes blue-black, discoid to quadrangular, exserted beyond anthers.
opening near sunset;
buds erect, 5–8 mmdiam., with free tips terminal, erect, 1–3 mm;
floral tube 30–46 mm;
sepals yellowish green, also usually flushed with red or red-striped, 17–28 mm;
petals yellow, fading orange, pale yellow and somewhat opaque, very broadly obcordate, 13–23 mm, conspicuously shorter than sepals;
filaments 12–20 mm, anthers 7–12 mm, pollen ca. 50% fertile;
style 43–58 mm, stigma usually slightly exserted beyond anthers or surrounded by them at anthesis.
10–35 × 1–2 mm, hard, dehiscent 1/2 their length, often tardily dehiscent throughout their length.
erect or slightly spreading, dark dull green and sometimes red-striped when dry, narrowly lanceoloid, 30–48 × 5–7 mm, free tips of valves 0.5–2.5mm.
obovoid, 1–1.8 mm, sharply angled, apex truncate.
0.9–2 × 0.9–1.3 mm.
= 14.
Oenothera capillifolia
Oenothera wolfii
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).
Oenothera capillifolia is self-incompatible (H. F. Towner 1977).
Oenothera berlandieri (Spach) Steudel 1841, not D. Dietrich 1840, is superfluous and cannot be used in Oenothera when transferred from Calylophus, and pertains here.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Oenothera wolfii is a PTH species and forms a ring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous (W. Dietrich et al. 1997). It has plastome I and a AA genome composition. It is known only from the vicinity of Port Orford, Curry County, Oregon (currently apparently only as far north as Otter Rock), south in a scattered distribution through Del Norte County to the mouth of the Mattole River, Humboldt County, California. The distribution, at least in California, is closely associated with small patches of Cenozoic-age marine sediments, isolated from each other by Franciscan sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Most populations appear to occur near river mouths or to the south of a headland. The largest populations center in the area about 11 km long in the vicinity of Crescent City in Del Norte County, between Point George and Enderts Beach in Redwood National Park. There are collections from two inland California localities, one at the eastern border of Humboldt County, California (Willow Creek, Trinity River Valley), and the other at Carville, Trinity County, that may be O. wolfii. If so, they would presumably represent recent introductions and should be studied further. As summarized by Dietrich et al., O. wolfii is a rare endemic of coastal habitats and known from about 20 different sites. The total number of individuals of O. wolfii apparently fluctuates, with perhaps no more than about 5000 individuals total. It is threatened by any potential development and alteration of its habitat, presently by road maintenance and foot traffic. Another possibly more serious threat comes from the recent spread of O. glazioviana to this area. Oenothera glazioviana could swamp populations through hybridization and, perhaps, by direct competition.
Oenothera wolfii is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Stems 1–several, ascending to erect, 30–80 cm; leaves 2.5–9 cm. | subsp. capillifolia |
1. Stems several–many, decumbent to ascending, (10–)25–40 cm; leaves 1–4 cm. | subsp. berlandieri |
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
CA
OR
Flora NW
PNW Herbaria
USDA Plants Database
