Oenothera boquillensis |
Oenothera kunthiana |
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Rio Grande beeblossom |
Kunth's evening-primrose |
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Habit | Herbs perennial, strigillose and glandular puberulent; from a narrow taproot. | Herbs annual, strigillose and also hirsute; from a slender taproot. |
Stems | erect, usually branched several cm belowground or near base, sometimes also branched distally, 25–100 cm. |
5–40 cm. |
Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 1–6.5(–13) × 0.4–1.5 cm, blade narrowly oblanceolate; cauline 0.5–3(–6.5) × 0.1–1.1 cm, blade very narrowly elliptic, narrowly lanceolate, or linear, margins sinuate-dentate to subentire. |
1–6 × 0.3–3 cm; petiole 0.1–1.1 cm; blade usually lanceolate to oblanceolate, sometimes elliptic, margins weakly serrate to sinuate-pinnatifid. |
Flowers | 4-merous, slightly zygomorphic, opening near sunset; floral tube 3–8.5 mm; sepals 3–9 mm; petals white, fading pink to red, slightly unequal, elliptic-obovate, 4–10 mm, clawed; filaments 2–4.5 mm, anthers 2–4 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 6.5–15 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
1–3 opening per day near sunset; buds with free tips 0–0.5 mm; floral tube 5–31 mm; sepals 10–27 mm; petals white, fading pink, 8–25 mm; filaments 6–12 mm, anthers 3–5 mm, pollen 35–65% fertile; style 12–30 mm, stigma surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
Capsules | erect, sometimes reflexed in age, fusiform, sometimes slightly narrowed in proximal 1/3, 5.5–13 × 1–2.5 mm, valves with inconspicuous raised midrib; sessile. |
broadly clavate or obovoid, 7–31 ×3–5 mm, winged, wings 0.5–1.5 mm, valve surface with prominent midrib, proximal stipe 3–17 mm; sessile. |
Seeds | (1 or)2–4, yellowish or light brown, 1.5–2.5 × 0.8–1.3 mm. |
narrowly obovoid, 0.9–1.2 × 0.4–0.5 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
= 14. |
Oenothera boquillensis |
Oenothera kunthiana |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | Flowering Feb–May. |
Habitat | Washes, sandy canyon sides. | Alluvial flats, open areas, sandy soil, weedy sites. |
Elevation | 600–1400 m. (2000–4600 ft.) | 10–1300[–2000] m. (0–4300[–6600] ft.) |
Distribution |
TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León) |
TX; Mexico; Central America; n South America [Introduced widely in temperate Europe, Asia, Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Australia]
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Discussion | Oenothera boquillensis has a narrow distribution in canyons from near the Rio Grande River in southern Brewster County southward into Mexico from central Chihuahua, Coahuila, and western Nuevo León. P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) determined O. boquillensis to be self-incompatible. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oenothera kunthiana is a PTH species and forms a ring of 14 chromosomes in meiosis, and is self-compatible and autogamous, common and widespread from sea level to middle elevations in the mountains from southern Texas south throughout Mexico except for Baja California and the tropical lowlands southward to Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica; it was once collected in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Oenothera kunthiana was recently found to be naturalized in the Hawaiian Islands. Oenothera pinnatifida Kunth is a later homonym of O. pinnatifida Nuttall and another later homonym is O. micrantha Walpers, not Hornemann ex Sprengel (1825); they both pertain here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gaura boquillensis | Hartmannia kunthiana, H. domingensis, H. parviflora, O. domingensis, O. fissifolia, O. walpersii |
Name authority | (P. H. Raven & D. P. Gregory) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 211. (2007) | (Spach) Munz: Amer. J. Bot. 19: 759. (1932) |
Web links |