Oenothera arida |
Oenothera pallida |
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trans-Pecos beeblossom |
mountain evening primrose, pale evening-primrose, rockweed brush, white-stem evening primrose |
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Habit | Herbs perennial, clumped, strigillose and glandular puberulent throughout, also sparsely villous; from stout roots. | Herbs annual or perennial, glabrous, strigillose and/or villous, sometimes more villous distally, especially on flower parts; from a taproot, sometimes lateral roots producing adventitious shoots. | ||||||||||||
Stems | erect, usually branched several cm belowground or from near base, sometimes also branched distally, 20–60(–100) cm. |
erect or ascending, single to several from base, unbranched or many-branched throughout, 10–50(–70) cm. |
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Leaves | in a basal rosette and cauline, basal 2–4 × 0.4–0.8 cm, petiole0–0.4 cm, blade narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly spatulate; cauline 0.5–5 × 0.1–0.8 cm, petiole 0–0.3 cm, blade narrowly lanceolate or very narrowly elliptic, margins subentire or sinuate-denticulate. |
cauline, rosette usually weakly developed or absent, at least during flowering, sometimes well developed, 1–5(–7.8) × 0.3–1(–1.5) cm; petiole 0–2(–4.5) cm; blade lanceolate, oblong, linear-lanceolate, or ovate, margins subentire or remotely denticulate, deeply sinuate-dentate, or pinnatifid, sometimes repand. |
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Flowers | 4-merous, nearly actinomorphic, opening near sunset; floral tube 9–13 mm; sepals 7–9 mm; petals white, fading pink to pale red, slightly unequal, rhombic, 7–8 mm, short-clawed; filaments 3–4 mm, anthers 4–5 mm, pollen 85–100% fertile; style 18–22 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
1–several opening per day near sunset; buds nodding, weakly quadrangular, with free tips 0–2 mm; floral tube 15–40 mm; sepals 10–30 mm, not spotted; petals white, fading pink to deep pink, broadly obovate or obcordate, (10–)15–25(–40) mm; filaments 9–15 mm, anthers 3–10 mm; style 25–55 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. |
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Capsules | erect, fusiform, often slightly curved, weakly 4-angled, (9–)13–17 × 2–3 mm, valves with inconspicuous raised midrib; sessile. |
spreading to reflexed, straight to curved or contorted, cylindrical, obtusely 4-angled, tapering slightly from base to apex, 15–60 × 1.5–2.5 mm; sessile. |
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Seeds | (1–)3 or 4, yellowish or light brown, 2–3.5 × 1–2 mm. |
numerous, in 1 row per locule, brownish with dark spots or black, narrowly obovoid, 1.5–2.2 mm. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Oenothera arida |
Oenothera pallida |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Aug. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Sandy flats and washes. | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 1300–1800 m. (4300–5900 ft.) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
TX; Mexico (Chihuahua) |
w North America; n Mexico; c North America
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Discussion | Oenothera arida is known only from several areas in the foothills of the Davis Mountains in eastern Jeff Davis County, northeastern Presidio County, and northern Brewster County, and from areas near Gallego and Chihuahua in Chihuahua, Mexico. P. H. Raven and D. P. Gregory (1972[1973]) determined O. arida to be self-incompatible. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 4 (4 in the flora). Oenothera pallida is a poorly understood species currently subdivided into four subspecies (W. L. Wagner et al. 2007) that differ largely in aspect, leaf division, capsule configuration, and pubescence. The variation pattern is rather complex with almost no diagnostic character uniformly distinguishing any one of the subspecies. Instead, each of the subspecies, which are mostly geographically separated although there is some level of overlap, have diagnostic suites of characters that maintain their linkage some of the time, but break down across the geographic area of each so that no single character uniquely identifies it. Each subspecies is characterized by leaf, pubescence, and, often, habit features. The issues with the integrity and intergradations of the subspecies are discussed below. Oenothera pallida has been determined to be self-incompatible (W. L. Wagner et al. 2007), but K. E. Theiss et al. (2010) determined that although most populations of subsp. pallida are self-incompatible, one near Salt Lake City is self-compatible. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Gaura macrocarpa | Anogra pallida, O. albicaulis var. pallida | ||||||||||||
Name authority | W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 211. (2007) | Lindley: Bot. Reg. 14: plate 1142. (1828) | ||||||||||||
Web links |