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blue toadflax, Canada toadflax, linaire du Canada, old field toadflax

Apalachicola toadflax, Florida toadflax

Fertile stems

1–4(–7), simple, rarely distally branched, 11–70 cm.

1–5, simple, sometimes distally branched, 9–45 cm.

Leaves

blades of sterile-stem leaves narrowly elliptic to obovate, 2–12 × 0.5–3 mm, blades of fertile-stem leaves linear, 5–43 × 0.5–2.2 mm.

blades of sterile-stem leaves elliptic to obovate, 1–6 × 0.5–2.8 mm, blades of fertile-stem leaves linear, 5–32 × 0.4–0.9(–1.4) mm.

Racemes

1–18 cm;

bracts narrowly oblanceolate or lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 1.1–3 mm.

1–11 cm;

bracts narrowly lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 1–3.5(–5) mm.

Pedicels

erect, 1.8–5.5 mm in fruit, sparsely glandular-pubescent, sometimes glabrous, hairs to 0.1 mm.

ascending, sometimes erect, 6–14 mm in fruit, sparsely to densely glandular-pubescent, hairs to 0.3 mm.

Flowers

calyx lobes linear-lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 2.1–3.5 × 0.4–1 mm, proximally sparsely glandular-pubescent, sometimes glabrous;

corolla white to blue, 8–14 mm, spurs straight or curved, 2–7 mm, abaxial lip 2–4.5 mm, adaxial 1.2–2(–3) mm.

calyx lobes lanceolate, 1.3–2.8 × 0.3–0.7 mm, sparsely to densely glandular-pubescent;

corolla blue, 5–9 mm, spurs straight, 0.1–0.5 mm, abaxial lip 3–4.5 mm, adaxial 1–3.4 mm.

Capsules

oblong-ovoid, 2.6–3.9 × 2.6–3.3 mm.

oblong-globular, 2–3.7 × 1.8–3 mm.

Seeds

black or gray, 0.3–0.5 mm, edges sharp, faces obscurely tuberculate.

black, 0.3–0.5 mm, edges rounded, faces obscurely tuberculate.

2n

= 12.

Nuttallanthus canadensis

Nuttallanthus floridanus

Phenology Flowering Feb–Jul(–Sep). Flowering Mar–Apr.
Habitat Sandy prairies, woodlands, roadsides, fallow fields, disturbed sites. Sandy woodlands, scrublands, sandhills, coastal dunes.
Elevation 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC [Introduced in e Europe (Russia)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; MS
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Nuttallanthus canadensis and N. texanus are sympatric through much of their ranges. In Texas, where they sometimes occur in mixed populations, R. Kral (1955) observed that N. canadensis bloomed and set fruit earlier than did N. texanus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 41. FNA vol. 17, p. 41.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Nuttallanthus Plantaginaceae > Nuttallanthus
Sibling taxa
N. floridanus, N. texanus
N. canadensis, N. texanus
Synonyms Antirrhinum canadense, Linaria canadensis Linaria floridana
Name authority (Linnaeus) D. A. Sutton: Revis. Antirrhineae, 457. (1988) (Chapman) D. A. Sutton: Revis. Antirrhineae, 461. (1988)
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