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false garlic, false onion

fragrant onion, slender false garlic

Habit Herbs, perennial, scapose, from bulbs.
Bulbs

in general appearance very similar to some species of Allium, without alliaceous odor;

outer coats membranous.

ovoid, ca. 1.5 cm diam.;

outer coats brown;

bulblets 10–20+.

Leaves

usually present at flowering time, basal, imbricate, sheathing basally;

blade filiform to linear.

2–9, sheaths enveloping neck of bulb, hyaline, reduced apically;

blade linear, 20–40(–50) cm × 4–12 mm, margins entire.

Scapes

1–2, terete, 30–60 cm × 2–3 mm.

Inflorescences

umbellate, subtended by spathe bracts;

bracts 2, membranous.

Umbel

10–20-flowered, often asymmetrical, to 5 cm diam.;

bracts persistent, 2, 1.2–2 cm × 5–8 mm, bases fused, imbricate, margins scarious.

Flowers

fastigiate, withering-persistent;

tepals 6, 2-whorled, connate proximal 1/3, 1-veined, subequal;

stamens 6, adnate to tepal bases, included;

filaments distinct, ± dilated basally, subulate and entire apically;

anthers dorsifixed, oblong, introse;

ovary superior, sessile, 3-locular;

ovules several(–12);

style filiform;

stigma terminal, small.

fragrant;

tepals white adaxially with pink midvein and greenish bases, oblanceolate, 9–15 × 4 mm, apex obtuse;

filaments simple, adnate to tepals, 7–10 mm;

anthers dark brown;

ovary crestless;

style persistent in fruit, ± equaling stamens;

stigma unlobed, equaling perianth;

pedicel erect to spreading, 2–6 cm, unequal.

Fruits

capsular, 3-lobed, membranous, dehiscence loculicidal.

Capsules

obovoid, ca. 6–7 × 6–7 mm.

Seeds

black, angled [compressed or almost flat].

8–12 per locule.

Nothoscordum

Nothoscordum gracile

Phenology Flowering Mar–Dec.
Habitat Roadsides, waste places
Elevation 0–100 m [0–300 ft]
Distribution
map from USDA
North America; South America
[BONAP county map]
map from FNA
AL; CA; FL; GA; LA; MS; SC; South America [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species ca. 19 (2 in the flora).

All species of Nothoscordum are native to the Americas. Nothoscordum gracile has become naturalized in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia; it spreads rapidly by seeds and bulblets.

Etymology: Greek nothos, false, and scordon, garlic

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

There is considerable controversy over the correct epithet. Based on the information available, the authors feel that Nothoscordum borbonicum Kunth is a misapplied name and that the correct name is Nothoscordum gracile.

In the flora area, Nothoscordum gracile is an escape from cultivation.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Parent taxa Liliaceae Liliaceae > Nothoscordum
Sibling taxa
N. bivalve
Subordinate taxa
N. bivalve, N. gracile
Key
1. Leaves 4–12 mm wide; flowers fragrant; tepals connate to 1/3 their length.
N. gracile
1. Leaves 1–4(–5) mm wide; flowers not fragrant; tepals distinct or nearly so.
N. bivalve
Synonyms Allium gracile, Allium fragrans, N. fragrans
Name authority Kunth: Enum. Pl. 4: 457. (1843) (Dryander) Stearn: Taxon 35: 335. (1986)
Source FNA vol. 26, p. 276. Treatment authors: T. D. Jacobsen, Dale W. McNeal Jr.. FNA vol. 26, p. 277. Treatment authors: T. D. Jacobsen, Dale W. McNeal Jr..
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