Flora of North America species comparison

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Neoholmgrenia

Onagraceae tribe Onagreae

evening primrose, lemondrops
Habit Herbs, annual, caulescent; with slender taproot. Herbs (annual or perennial), [shrubs].
Stems

densely leafy distally, nearly leafless proximally, with many slender, ascending branches from base.

Leaves

cauline, alternate, often appearing subverticillate and densely tufted;

stipules absent;

sessile;

blade margins entire.

alternate or basal;

stipules absent.
Inflorescences

spikes, densely leafy.

Flowers

bisexual, actinomorphic, buds nodding, becoming erect;

floral tube deciduous (with sepals, petals, and stamens) after anthesis, relatively narrow, with basal nectary;

sepals 4, reflexed singly or in pairs;

petals 4, yellow, fading pale yellowish orange, without spots;

stamens 8 in 2 unequal series, epipetalous ones sometimes very reduced, or 4 in 1 series, epipetalous ones absent, anthers versatile, pollen shed singly;

ovary 4-locular, stigma entire, subglobose, surface probably wet and non-papillate.

usually actinomorphic, rarely slightly zygomorphic (in Oenothera), (3 or)4-merous;

stamens 2 times as many, or rarely as many, as sepals;

pollen usually shed in monads, rarely tetrads (Chylismia sect. Lignothera).
Fruit

a capsule, straight, strongly flattened, somewhat torulose, regularly loculicidal, dehiscent nearly throughout length;

sessile.

a dry capsule, usually dehiscent, sometimes indehiscent.
Seeds

numerous, in 1 row per locule, narrowly obovoid, smooth, shiny, without dots or blotches.

few to numerous, without hairs or wings, [very rarely with asymmetrical dry wing (Xylonagra)], or with dry (Oenothera), erose or smooth wing, or with thick, papillate wings (Chylismiella).
xI> = 7.

Neoholmgrenia

Onagraceae tribe Onagreae
Distribution
w North America
[BONAP county map]
North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies
Discussion

Species 2 (2 in the flora).

R. A. Levin et al. (2004) found strong molecular support for Neoholmgrenia in a clade with Camissoniopsis and Tetrapteron. P. H. Raven (1969) found Neoholmgrenia (as Camissonia sect. Nematocaulis) to be one of the most distinctive groups in Camissonia by virtue of its relatively short (less than 10 mm), flattened capsules and densely clustered leaves near the tips of otherwise leafless stems. Reproductive features include: self-compatible; flowers diurnal; outcrossing and pollinated by small bees or flies, or autogamous and occasionally cleistogamous (Raven).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Genera 13, species 265 (12 genera, 199 species in the flora).

Onagreae account for more than half the total genera in Onagraceae and diversified from a center in southwestern North America (L. Katinas et al. 2004). Delimitation of the tribe by W. L. Wagner et al. (2007) differs from previous ones by the exclusion of Gongylocarpus, now in its own tribe, by the segregation of eight genera (Camissoniopsis, Chylismia, Chylismiella, Eremothera, Eulobus, Neoholmgrenia, Taraxia, and Tetrapteron) from Camissonia, and by the inclusion of three previously separate genera (Calylophus, Gaura, and Stenosiphon) in Oenothera. Within the branch of the family that lacks stipules (Gongylocarpeae, Epilobieae, and Onagreae), the last two tribes form a clade that has very strong molecular support (R. A. Levin et al. 2003, 2004), but no obvious morphological synapomorphy. The clade may be defined by a cytogenetic change from the base chromosome number of x = 11 found in Circaeeae, Gongylocarpeae, and Lopezieae, to x = 18 in Epilobieae, and x = 7 in Onagreae; however, these changes could also have occurred independently. Other than the new chromosome number x = 7, the only apparent morphological synapomorphy for Onagreae alone is pollen with prominent apertural protrusions (J. Praglowski et al. 1987, 1989), a character state also found in Circaeeae (Praglowski et al. 1994). The monophyly of Onagreae has moderate (Levin et al. 2004) to strong support (V. S. Ford and L. D. Gottlieb 2007).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Key
1. Petals 2.5–5 mm; styles 4.5–6 mm.
N. hilgardii
1. Petals 0.8–2.3 mm; styles 1.7–3 mm.
N. andina
Source FNA vol. 10. Author: Warren L. Wagner. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae
Subordinate taxa
N. andina, N. hilgardii
Synonyms Holmgrenia, Oenothera section nematocaulis
Name authority W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Novon 19: 131. (2009) Dumortier: Fl. Belg., 89. (1827)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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