Neoholmgrenia |
Neoholmgrenia andina |
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evening primrose, lemondrops |
Andean evening-primrose, Blackfoot River evening-primrose, Blackfoot River suncup, obscure evening primrose, obscure suncup, plateau evening primrose, upland evening primrose |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, caulescent; with slender taproot. | Herbs finely strigillose, more densely so distally, especially on ovary. | ||||
Stems | densely leafy distally, nearly leafless proximally, with many slender, ascending branches from base. |
erect to ascending, capillary, 1–15 cm. |
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Leaves | cauline, alternate, often appearing subverticillate and densely tufted; stipules absent; sessile; blade margins entire. |
linear to linear-oblanceolate. |
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Inflorescences | spikes, densely leafy. |
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Flowers | bisexual, actinomorphic, buds nodding, becoming erect; floral tube deciduous (with sepals, petals, and stamens) after anthesis, relatively narrow, with basal nectary; sepals 4, reflexed singly or in pairs; petals 4, yellow, fading pale yellowish orange, without spots; stamens 8 in 2 unequal series, epipetalous ones sometimes very reduced, or 4 in 1 series, epipetalous ones absent, anthers versatile, pollen shed singly; ovary 4-locular, stigma entire, subglobose, surface probably wet and non-papillate. |
opening near sunrise; floral tube 0.8–2 mm; sepals 0.8–2.5 mm; petals 0.8–2.3 mm; episepalous filaments 0.5–2.2 mm, epipetalous filaments 0.1–0.5 mm, sometimes epipetalous stamens absent, anthers of longer stamens 0.2–0.5 mm, those of shorter ones 0.1–0.5 mm; style 1.7–3 mm, usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent near base, stigma 0.4–0.6 mm diam., surrounded by anthers at anthesis. |
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Fruit | a capsule, straight, strongly flattened, somewhat torulose, regularly loculicidal, dehiscent nearly throughout length; sessile. |
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Capsules | ascending, strongly flattened from unequal width of valves, (5–)8–10 × 1–1.3 mm. |
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Seeds | numerous, in 1 row per locule, narrowly obovoid, smooth, shiny, without dots or blotches. |
0.7–1.3 × 0.3–0.4 mm. |
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x |
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1 | –3 × 0.1–0.3 cm. |
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2n | = 28, 42. |
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Neoholmgrenia |
Neoholmgrenia andina |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | |||||
Habitat | Open places, clay or sandy soil, swales or drying meadows, playa bottoms, gravelly slopes, sagebrush scrub, pinyon-juniper woodlands. | |||||
Elevation | 500–2000 m. (1600–6600 ft.) | |||||
Distribution | w North America |
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
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Discussion | Species 2 (2 in the flora). R. A. Levin et al. (2004) found strong molecular support for Neoholmgrenia in a clade with Camissoniopsis and Tetrapteron. P. H. Raven (1969) found Neoholmgrenia (as Camissonia sect. Nematocaulis) to be one of the most distinctive groups in Camissonia by virtue of its relatively short (less than 10 mm), flattened capsules and densely clustered leaves near the tips of otherwise leafless stems. Reproductive features include: self-compatible; flowers diurnal; outcrossing and pollinated by small bees or flies, or autogamous and occasionally cleistogamous (Raven). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Some individuals of Neoholmgrenia andina have 3-merous flowers and some have stamens reduced to one whorl of four; both character states are possibly related to its predominant autogamous, and sometimes cleistogamous, habit (P. H. Raven 1969). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Holmgrenia, Oenothera section nematocaulis | Oenothera andina, Camissonia andina, Holmgrenia andina, O. andina var. anomala, Sphaerostigma andinum | ||||
Name authority | W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Novon 19: 131. (2009) | (Nuttall) W. L. Wagner & Hoch: Novon 19: 131. (2009) | ||||
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