Muscari botryoides |
Muscari |
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common grape-hyacinth, grape hyacinth, muscari |
grape-hyacinth |
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Habit | Plants to 20(–30) cm. | Herbs perennial, scapose, from brown, tunicate, ovoid bulbs, with or without offsets (bulblets). | ||||||||
Bulbs | ovoid, 1.5–2.5 × 1–2 cm, offsets absent, tunics translucent to pale brown. |
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Leaves | 2–4(–5); blade prominently ribbed, linear-spatulate, 15–35(–40) cm × 3–8(–12) mm, apex abruptly contracted. |
(1–)2–7, basal; blade linear, sometimes sulcate, glabrous, rather fleshy. |
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Scape | 20–35(–40) cm, usually slightly exceeding leaves. |
terete. |
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Racemes | 12–20-flowered. |
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Inflorescences | terminally racemose, many-flowered, dense, bracteate, usually elongating in fruit; distal flowers smaller, sterile, differing in color, forming a tuft (coma); bracts minute. |
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Flowers | perianth tube sky blue, globose to ovoid, 2–4 × 2–3 mm, teeth white; fertile and sterile flowers ± equal (sterile may be slightly smaller and paler); pedicel spreading, 1–3(–5) mm. |
fragrant; perianth tubular to urceolate, usually constricted basally; tepals 6, connate most of their length, distal portions distinct, reflexed, short, toothlike; stamens 6, epitepalous, in 2 rows, included; anthers dark blue, dorsifixed, globose; ovary superior, green, 3-locular, inner sepal nectaries present; style 1; stigma 3-lobed. |
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Fruits | capsular, obtusely 3-angled, papery, dehiscence loculicidal. |
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Capsules | 4–6 × 4–6 mm. |
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Seeds | 6, black, globose, wrinkled to reticulate. |
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x | = 9. |
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2n | = 18, 36. |
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Muscari botryoides |
Muscari |
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Phenology | Flowering early–mid spring. | |||||||||
Habitat | Roadsides, fields, woods, abandoned gardens | |||||||||
Elevation | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WV; BC; NF; NS; ON; c Europe; se Europe; expected elsewhere [Introduced in North America]
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temperate Europe; n Africa; sw Asia [Introduced in North America; expected introduced elsewhere] |
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Discussion | Muscari botryoides is the commonest and most cold-hardy of the Muscari species in the flora. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species ca. 30 (3 in the flora). Various species and cultivated forms of Muscari are commonly grown for their early spring flowers. They may reseed in the flora area, but they are mostly transported in soil containing the bulblets. Muscari armeniacum Baker has been attributed to the flora, but no definite records of naturalized plants have been found. Herbarium specimens of that species are difficult to distinguish from those of M. neglectum, but live specimens of M. armeniacum have much paler blue flowers (A. Huxley et al. 1992). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 317. | FNA vol. 26, p. 316. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Muscari | Liliaceae | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
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Synonyms | Hyacinthus botryoides | |||||||||
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Muscari no. 1. (1768) | Miller: Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4, vol. 2. (1754) | ||||||||
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