Muhlenbergia asperifolia |
Muhlenbergia utilis |
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alkali muhly, or alkali muhly, scratch grass |
aparejo grass |
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Habit | Plants perennial; rhizomatous, not cespitose, occasionally: stoloniferous. | Plants perennial; rhizomatous, not cespitose. |
Culms | 10-60(100) cm, decumbent-ascending, bases somewhat compressed-keeled; internodes glabrous, shiny below the nodes. |
7-30 cm tall, 0.5-1 mm thick, erect to decumbent; internodes mostly smooth to slightly nodulose, minutely pubescent or glabrous below the nodes. |
Sheaths | glabrous, margins hyaline; ligules 0.2-1 mm, firm, truncate, ciliate, without lateral lobes; blades 2-7(11) cm long, 1-2.8(4) mm wide, flat, occasionally conduplicate, smooth or scabridulous abaxially, scabridulous adaxially, margins and midveins not conspicuously thickened, greenish, apices acute, not sharp. |
shorter or longer than the internodes, glabrous; ligules 0.2-0.8 mm, membranous, truncate; blades 0.5-4.7 cm long, 0.2-1.8 mm wide, usually involute, sometimes flat, often at right angles to the culm, glabrous abaxially, hirtellous adaxially. |
Panicles | 6-21 cm long, 4-16 cm wide, broadly ovoid, open; primary branches 3-12 cm, capillary, lower branches spreading 30-90° from the rachises, never appearing fascicled; pedicels 3-14 mm, longer than the spikelets. |
1-5 cm long, 0.1-0.4 cm wide, contracted, usually partially included in the upper sheaths, rachises usually visible between the branches; primary branches 0.2-1.2 cm, usually closely appressed at maturity, rarely diverging up to 30° from the rachises; pedicels 0.1-1.1 mm, glabrous. |
Spikelets | 1.2-2.1 mm, occasionally with 2 or 3 florets. |
1.4-2.4 mm. |
Glumes | equal, 0.6-1.7 mm, purplish, scabridulous, particularly on the veins, 1-veined, apices acute; lemmas 1.2-2.1 mm, lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, somewhat plumbeous, glabrous, usually smooth, occasionally scabridulous near the apices, apices acute, unawned or mucronate, mucros to 0.3 mm; paleas 1.2-2.1 mm, lanceolate, glabrous, acute; anthers 1-1.3 mm, greenish-yellow to purplish at maturity. |
subequal, 0.5-1.4 mm, 1/3 – 1/2 as long as the lemmas, yellowish to light green, glabrous, 1(2-3)-veined, acute, unawned; lemmas 1.3-2.4 mm, lanceolate, green or purplish, glabrous or the calluses and margins appressed-pubescent, hairs shorter than 0.3 mm, apices acute, unawned; paleas 1-2 mm, lanceolate, glabrous, acute; anthers 0.7-1.4 mm, yellow to purplish. |
Caryopses | 0.8-1 mm, fusiform, brownish. |
0.7-1.2 mm, ellipsoid to ovoid, brown. |
2n | = 20, 22, 28. |
= 20. |
Muhlenbergia asperifolia |
Muhlenbergia utilis |
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Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MD; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SD; TX; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; SK
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AZ; CA; NV; TX |
Discussion | Muhlenbergia asperifolia grows in moist, often alkaline meadows, playa margins, and sandy washes, on grassy slopes, and around seeps and hot springs, at elevations of 55-3000 m. Its geographic range includes northern Mexico. Muhlenbergia asperifolia is morphologically similar to the southeastern M. torreyana, but differs in having glabrous, weakly compressed culms and more widely divergent panicle branches. The caryopses of Muhlenbergia asperifolia are frequently infected by a smut, Tilletia asperifolia Ellis & Everhart, which produces a globose body filled with blackish-brown spores. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Muhlenbergia utilis grows in wet soils along streams, ponds, and depressions in grasslands and alkaline or gypsiferous plains, at elevations of 200-1800 m. Its range extends from the southern United States through Mexico to Costa Rica. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 179. | FNA vol. 25, p. 177. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Muhlenbergia | Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Muhlenbergia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | (Nees & Meyen ex Trin.) Parodi | (Torr.) Hitchc. |
Web links |
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