Muhlenbergia andina |
Muhlenbergia arsenei |
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foxtail muhly |
Navajo muhly, tough muhly |
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Habit | Plants perennial; rhizomatous, not cespitose. | Plants perennial; rhizomatous, rhizomes sometimes short and the plants loosely cespitose. |
Culms | 25-85 cm tall, 0.9-1.7 mm thick, ascending; internodes glabrous for most of their length, scabrous to strigose below the nodes. |
10-50 cm tall, 0.4-1 mm thick, decumbent; internodes glabrous or strigulose. |
Sheaths | scabridulous, especially basally; ligules 0.5-1.5 mm, membranous, truncate, lacerate to ciliate; blades 4-16 cm long, 2-4(5) mm wide, flat, scabrous abaxially, pubescent adaxially. |
shorter than the internodes, strigulose or glabrous, usually without necrotic spots, not becoming spirally coiled when old; ligules 1-2 mm, membranous throughout, obtuse, strigulose or glabrous, erose or toothed, with lateral lobes, lobes less than 1.5 mm longer than the central portion; blades 1-6 cm long, 1-2 mm wide, flat to involute, smooth or scabridulous abaxially, hirsute adaxially, usually without necrotic spots. |
Panicles | 2-15 cm long, 0.5-2.8 cm wide, contracted, dense; primary branches 0.5-5 cm, appressed to strongly ascending; pedicels 0.5-1.5 mm, appressed, strigose. |
4-13 cm long, 1-3(5) cm wide, not dense; primary branches 0.5-4 cm, appressed or diverging up to 30° from the rachises, spikelet-bearing to the base; pedicels 0.1-3 mm. |
Spikelets | 2-4 mm. |
3.5-5 mm. |
Glumes | equal to subequal, 2-4 mm, subequal to or longer than the florets, 1-veined, veins scabridulous, apices acuminate to awn-tipped; lemmas 2-3.5 mm, lanceolate, grayish-green, hairy on the calluses and lemma bases, hairs 2-3.5 mm, apices acuminate, awned, awns 1-10 mm; paleas 2-3.5 mm, lanceolate, bases with silky hairs between the veins, apices acuminate; anthers 0.4-1.5 mm, yellow. |
subequal, 2-4 mm, exceeded by the florets, 1-veined, scabrous on the veins and near the apices, apices acuminate, unawned or awned, awns to 1.2 mm; lemmas 3.5-5 mm, lanceolate, mostly purplish, veins conspicuously green, pubescent on the lower 1/3-1/2 of the midveins and margins, hairs to 1.5 mm, apices scabridulous, acuminate, awned, awns 4-12(20) mm, flexuous; paleas 3.5-5 mm, narrow-lanceolate, intercostal region pubescent, apices acuminate, veins sometimes extending into awns to 0.5 mm; anthers 1.3-3 mm, purple. |
Caryopses | 0.9-1.1 mm, cylindrical, yellowish-brown. |
2-2.3 mm, fusiform, brownish. |
2n | = 20. |
= unknown. |
Muhlenbergia andina |
Muhlenbergia arsenei |
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Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; ID; KS; MT; NM; NV; OR; TX; UT; WA; WY; BC; MB; SK
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CA; NM; NV; UT |
Discussion | Muhlenbergia andina grows in damp places such as stream banks, gravel bars, marshes, lake margins, damp meadows, around springs, and in canyons, at elevations of 700-3000 m. It grows only in the western part of southern Canada and the contiguous United States. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Muhlenbergia arsenei grows among granitic boulders, on rocky slopes, limestone rock outcrops, and in arroyos, at elevations of 1400-2850 m. Its range extends from the southwestern United States into Baja California, Mexico. It flowers from August to September. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 156. | FNA vol. 25, p. 169. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Muhlenbergia | Poaceae > subfam. Chloridoideae > tribe Cynodonteae > Muhlenbergia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | (Nutt.) Hitchc. | Hitchc. |
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