Morus alba
Morus microphylla
moral blanco, mulberry, mûrier blanc, Russian mulberry, silkworm mulberry, white mulberry
littleleaf mulberry, mountain mulberry, Texas mulberry
brown tinged with red or yellow, thin, shallowly furrowed, with long, narrow ridges.
gray, fissured, scaly.
orange-brown or dark green with reddish cast, pubescent or occasionally glabrous;
lenticels reddish brown, elliptic, prominent.
greenish, pubescent;
lenticels light colored, elliptic, prominent.
ovoid, 4-6 mm, apex acute to rounded;
outer scales yellow-brown with dark margins, glabrous or with a few marginal trichomes;
leaf scars half round, bundle scars numerous, in circle.
ovoid, slightly compressed, 3-4 mm, apex acute;
outer scales dark brown, pubescent and minutely ciliate;
leaf scars half round to irregularly circular, bundle scars numerous, in circle.
blade ovate, often deeply and irregularly lobed, (6-)8-10 × 3-6 cm, base cuneate, truncate, or cordate, margins coarsely serrate to crenate, apex acute to short-acuminate;
surfaces abaxially glabrous or sparingly pubescent along major veins or in tufts in axils of principal lateral veins and midribs, adaxially glabrous to sparsely pubescent.
blade ovate, sometimes 3-5-lobed, 2-7(-9) × 1-4(-7) cm, base rounded to nearly cordate, margins serrate or crenate-serrate, apex acute to acuminate;
surfaces abaxially harshly scabrous or pubescent, somewhat paler than adaxial surface, adaxially harshly scabrous.
staminate and pistillate on same or different plants.
staminate and pistillate on different plants.
sepals distinct, green with red tip, ca. 1.5 mm, pubescent;
filaments ca. 2.7 mm.
calyx lobes green to reddish, rounded, hairy;
stamens 4;
filiments filiform.
ovary green, ovoid, slightly compressed, ca. 2 mm, glabrous;
style branches divergent, red-brown, 0.5-1 mm;
stigma papillose.
ovary dark green, broadly ovoid, slightly compressed, 1.5-2 × 1 mm, glabrous;
style branches divergent, whitish, sessile, ca. 1.5 mm;
stigma papillate.
peduncle and axis pubescent; staminate catkins 2.5-4 cm; pistillate catkins 5-8 mm.
staminate, 1-2 cm; pistillate, 8-12 × 5-7 mm, peduncle 3-7 mm, pubescent.
red when immature, becoming black, purple, or nearly white, cylindric, 1.5-2.5 × 1 cm;
achenes light brown, ovoid, 2-3 mm.
red, purple, or black, short-cylindric, 1-1.5 cm;
achenes yellowish, oval, flattened, ca. 2 mm, smooth.
Morus alba
Morus microphylla
Morus alba is sometimes planted and possibly naturalized in Arizona, California, and New Mexico. It is reported from Washington as a local escape.
Mulberry leaves provide the natural food for silkworms. Commercially cultivated mulberries are varieties of Morus alba; they are prized as shade trees with edible fruits.
Morus alba and M. rubra are both highly variable and are often confused. Both species have deeply lobed to entire leaves and are variable in pubescence. Some individuals are intermediate in leaf pubescence, suggesting the possibility of hybridization.
Native Americans used infusions made from the bark of Morus alba medicinally in various ways: as a laxative, as a treatment for dysentary, and as a purgative (D. E. Moerman 1986.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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